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. 2023 Oct 15;33(3):030701.
doi: 10.11613/BM.2023.030701.

Clinical importance of serum and pleural fluid prominin-1 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α concentration in the evaluation of lymph node involvement in patients with malignant pleural effusion

Zeliha Cansel Ozmen  1 , Mustafa Kupeli  2
Affiliations

Clinical importance of serum and pleural fluid prominin-1 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α concentration in the evaluation of lymph node involvement in patients with malignant pleural effusion

Zeliha Cansel Ozmen et al. Biochem Med (Zagreb). .

Abstract

Introduction: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) presence are poor prognostic factors that have importance for cancer patients. The study objective was to determine whether hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and prominin-1 (CD133) in pleural fluid (P) and serum (S) could be used as biomarkers for diagnosis of lymph node involvement in patients with MPE.

Materials and methods: Fifty-six patients with MPE and 30 healthy control subjects were included. Computerized tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) were used to diagnose pleural effusion. Patients with malignant cells in pleural fluid cytological examination were included in the MPE group. Thirty-five patients with lymph node metastases on CT were included in the LNM-positive MPE group. Serum and pleural fluid HIF-1α and CD-133 concentrations were measured manually via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: Serum concentrations of HIF-1α and CD133 were higher in MPE patients. It was found that CD133/HIF-1α (S) ratio was higher in the malignant patient group with positive lymph node involvement than in the negative group, while concentrations of HIF-1α (P) were lower. Pleural fluid HIF-1α and CD133/HIF-1α (S) ratio had sufficient performance in diagnosing lymphatic metastases in patients with MPE (AUC = 0.90 and 0.83, respectively).

Conclusions: In conclusion, serum HIF-1α and CD133 concentrations were higher in patients with MPE, consistent with our hypothesis. Concentrations of HIF-1α (P) and CD133/HIF-1α (S) ratio can be used as biomarkers in diagnosing lymph node involvement in MPE patients, according to this experiment.

Keywords: hypoxia inducible factor-1α; malignant pleural effusion; prominin-1.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflict of interest None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
ROC analysis of HIF-1α (P) (A) and CD133/HIF-1α (S) ratio (B) in diagnosing lymphatic metastasis in patients with malignant pleural effusion. HIF-1α - hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. P - pleural fluid. CD133 - prominin-1. S - serum.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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