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Case Reports
. 2023 Sep 28:11:1136647.
doi: 10.3389/fped.2023.1136647. eCollection 2023.

Endovascular treatment of a mycotic aneurysm in an immunocompromised child with acute leukemia-case report and review of the literature

Sabine Daphne Diepenbruck  1 , Andre Jakob  1 , Nikolaus Alexander Haas  1 , Guido Mandilaras  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Endovascular treatment of a mycotic aneurysm in an immunocompromised child with acute leukemia-case report and review of the literature

Sabine Daphne Diepenbruck et al. Front Pediatr. .

Abstract

Mycotic aneurysms are dilatations of an artery, a rare but severe complication arising from infectious obliteration of the vessel wall. Thoracic aneurysms often present with unspecific symptoms and multiple diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. In an advanced state, they have an increased risk of perforation and a high mortality rate. The surgical therapeutic approach has a high perioperative complication rate. In this study, we report a case of a thoracic mycotic aortic aneurysm in an immunocompromised pediatric patient caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia. A combination of prompt antibacterial treatment and minimally invasive stent implantation showed a good outcome, avoiding possible severe surgical problems.

Keywords: bacteremia; covered stent implantation; endovascular treatment; leukemia; thoracic mycotic aneurysm.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Thoracic CT scan (A) pre-intervention, (B) post-intervention. * indicates a mycotic aneurysm in the wall of the descending aorta; formula image indicates a BeGraft aortic stent.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Angiography of the aorta (A) pre-intervention, (B) post-intervention. Demonstration of the mycotic aneurysm (*) in the wall of the descending aorta; no evidence of extravasation after the implantation of the covered BeGraft aortic stent (formula image).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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