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Review
. 2023 Oct 5:6:100122.
doi: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100122. eCollection 2023 Dec.

Hysterectomy and thyroid cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Roberto Fabiani  1 , Patrizia Rosignoli  1 , Irene Giacchetta  2 , Manuela Chiavarini  3
Affiliations
Review

Hysterectomy and thyroid cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Roberto Fabiani et al. Glob Epidemiol. .

Abstract

Background: Incidence rates of thyroid cancer have increased. Recent studies findings suggest that women who underwent a hysterectomy have an elevated relative risk of thyroid cancer. The aim of our meta-analysis is to summarize the evidence about the association between hysterectomy and thyroid cancer risk.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus database were searched for studies published up to 5 September 2023. The PRISMA statement was followed. Heterogeneity was explored with Q statistic and the I2 statistic. Publication bias was assessed with Begg's and Egger's tests.

Results: Sixteen studies met the criteria. The pooled analysis showed a significantly 64% increment of thyroid cancer risk in association with any hysterectomy (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.48-1.81; I2 = 28.68%, p = 0.156). Hysterectomy without oophorectomy was a stronger predictor of risk than hysterectomy with oophorectomy. The pooled analysis of data regarding hysterectomy without oophorectomy showed a statistically significant increment of thyroid cancer risk by 59%. Hysterectomy with oophorectomy was associated with an increase of thyroid cancer risk of 39% (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.16-1.67; I2 = 42.10%, p = 0.049). Significant publication bias was not detected.

Conclusions: Our findings help with decision making around these surgeries.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA flowchart of studies selection about the association between hysterectomy and risk of thyroid cancer.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest Plot; 2 A) Any type of hysterectomy and thyroid cancer risk; 2B) Any type of hysterectomy without oophorectomy and thyroid cancer risk; 2C) Any type of hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy and thyroid cancer risk.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Funnel Plot; 3 A) Any type of hysterectomy and thyroid cancer risk; 3B) Any type of hysterectomy without oophorectomy and thyroid cancer risk; 3C) Any type of hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy and thyroid cancer risk.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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