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Review
. 2023 Sep 15;9(10):e20232.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20232. eCollection 2023 Oct.

Phytochemicals, therapeutic benefits and applications of chrysanthemum flower: A review

Niharika Sharma  1 , Radha  1 , Manoj Kumar  2 , Neeraj Kumari  1 , Sunil Puri  1 , Nadeem Rais  3 , Suman Natta  4 , Sangram Dhumal  5 , Nelson Navamaniraj  6 , Deepak Chandran  7 , Pran Mohankumar  8 , Muthamilselvan Muthukumar  9 , Marisennayya Senapathy  10 , Vishal Deshmukh  11 , Rahul D Damale  12 , T Anitha  13 , V Balamurugan  14 , G Sathish  13 , Jose M Lorenzo  15
Affiliations
Review

Phytochemicals, therapeutic benefits and applications of chrysanthemum flower: A review

Niharika Sharma et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Chrysanthemum is a flowering plant belonging to a genus of the dicotyledonous herbaceous annual flowering plant of the Asteraceae (Compositae) family. It is a perpetual flowering plant, mostly cultivated for medicinal purposes; generally, used in popular drinks due to its aroma and flavor. It is primarily cultivated in China, Japan, Europe, and United States. These flowers were extensively used in various healthcare systems and for treating various diseases. Chrysanthemum flowers are rich in phenolic compounds and exhibit strong properties including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-allergic, anti-obesity, immune regulation, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective activities. The main aim of the present review was to investigate the nutritional profile, phytochemistry, and biological activities of flowers of different Chrysanthemum species. Also, a critical discussion of the diverse metabolites or bioactive constituents of the Chrysanthemum flowers is highlighted in the present review. Moreover, the flower extracts of Chrysanthemum have been assessed to possess a rich phytochemical profile, including compounds such as cyanidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl) glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-(6" -O-malonyl) glucoside-3', rutin, quercetin, isorhamnetin, rutinoside, and others. These profiles exhibit potential health benefits, leading to their utilization in the production of supplementary food products and pharmaceutical drugs within the industry. However, more comprehensive research studies/investigations are still needed to further discover the potential benefits for human and animal utilization.

Keywords: Bioactivities; Chrysanthemum flower; Nutrition; Phytochemicals; Traditional medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

All persons who meet authorship criteria are listed as authors, and all authors certify that they have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for the content, including participation in the concept, design, writing, or revision of the manuscript. I hereby confirm that this work is original and has not been published elsewhere nor is it currently under consideration for publication elsewhere. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Picture showing different species of Chrysanthemum.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Major bioactive compounds found in Chrysanthemum flowers as follows (A) 3,5-di-caffeoylquinic acid; (B) Apigenin; (C) Phenolic acid; (D) Luteolin; (E) Chlorogenic acid; (F) Acacetin; (G) Caffeoylquinic acid.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Biological activities of Chrysanthemum flower.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Picture showing health benefits of Chrysanthemum flower.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Applications of Chrysanthemum flower.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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