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. 2023 Nov;30(11):103825.
doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103825. Epub 2023 Oct 5.

Some novel bioactivities of Virgibacillus halodenitrificans carotenoids, isolated from Wadi El-Natrun lakes

Doaa Fayez  1 , Asmaa Youssif  1 , Soraya Sabry  1 , Hanan Ghozlan  1 , Fatma El-Sayed  2
Affiliations

Some novel bioactivities of Virgibacillus halodenitrificans carotenoids, isolated from Wadi El-Natrun lakes

Doaa Fayez et al. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2023 Nov.

Abstract

Carotenoids come in second among the most frequent natural pigments and are utilized in medications, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, food pigments, and feed supplements. Based on recent complementary work, Virgibacillus was announced for the first time as a member of Wadi El-Natrun salt and soda lakes microbiota, identified as Virgibacillus halodenitrificans, and named V. halodenitrificans DASH; hence, this work aimed to investigate several in vitro medicinal bioactivities of V. halodenitrificans DASH carotenoids. The carotenoid methanolic extract showed antioxidant activity based on diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity with a half-maximal concentration (IC50) of 1.6 mg/mL as well as nitric oxide (NO) scavenging action expressed by an IC50 of 46.4 µg/mL. The extract showed considerable inhibitory activity for alpha-amylase (α-amylase) and alpha-glucosidase (α-glucosidase) enzymes (IC50 of 100 and 173.4 μg/mL, respectively). Moreover, the extract displayed selective anticancer activity against Caco-2 (IC50 = 138.96 µg/mL) and HepG-2 cell lines (IC50 = 31.25 µg/mL), representing colorectal adenocarcinoma and hepatoblastoma. Likewise, the extract showed 98.9 % clearance for human hepatitis C virus (HCV) using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), HCV-NS5B polymerase activity inhibition (IC50 = 27.4 µg/mL), and selective inhibitory activity against human coronavirus (HCoV 229E) using the plaque reduction assay (IC50 = 53.5 µg/mL). As far as we can tell, the anticancer, antiviral, and antidiabetic attributes of Virgibacillus carotenoids are, de novo, reported in this work which accordingly invokes further exploration of the other medicinal, biotechnological, and industrial applications of Virgibacillus and haloalkaliphilic bacteria carotenoids.

Keywords: Anticancer; Antidiabetes; Antioxidant; Antiviral; Carotenoids; Halophilic.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Scavenging activity of V. halodenitrificans DASH carotenoid extract on DPPH radical (a) and NO radical (b). Error bars represent the mean ± the standard deviation (SD) of three replicates.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
In vitro α-amylase (a) and α-glucosidase (b) inhibitory potential of V. halodenitrificans DASH carotenoid extract. Error bars represent the mean ± SD of three replicates.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Cytotoxic and or antiproliferative activity of V. halodenitrificans DASH carotenoid extract using MTT test. (a) Dose-Response curves of the extract against Caco-2, HepG-2, WISH, and PBMNCs, (b) The extract IC50 values against the investigated cell lines. Error bars represent the mean ± averaged deviation of two replicates.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Anti-HCV activity of carotenoid extract of V. halodenitrificans DASH. (a) The %viral clearance using RT-qPCR in HCV-infected PBMNCs after treatment with the carotenoid extract or ribavirin, (b) IC50 values reported for the pigment extract and ribavirin for HCV-NS5B polymerase inhibition. Error bars represent the mean ± SD of three replicates.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
(a) The dose–response curve of V. halodenitrificans DASH carotenoid extract against PBMNCs using MTT test, (b) The dose–response curve of the extract against HCoV 229E using plaque reduction assay.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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