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Review
. 2023 Oct 5:10:1248604.
doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1248604. eCollection 2023.

Bovine reproductive immunoinfertility: pathogenesis and immunotherapy

Vinod Kumar Gupta  1 , Tushar Kumar Mohanty  1 , Mukesh Bhakat  1 , Raju Kumar Dewry  1 , Rahul Katiyar  2 , Dipti Nain  1 , Nadeem Shah  1 , Manisha Sethi  1 , Rupali Rautela  3 , Mahak Singh  4 , Sourabh Deori  2
Affiliations
Review

Bovine reproductive immunoinfertility: pathogenesis and immunotherapy

Vinod Kumar Gupta et al. Front Vet Sci. .

Abstract

Infertility is one of the primary factors for cattle reproduction in the present scenario. Reproduction-related immunoinfertility mainly involves immunization against the antigens related to reproductive hormones (LHRH, GnRH, Gonadal steroids, PGF2α and oxytocin), spermatozoa, seminal plasma and ovum. Anovulation, delayed ovulation, sperm immobilization, failure of fertilization, prolonged uterine involution, extended calving interval, prolonged post-partum estrus and reduced conception rate could be a result of immunoinfertility that occur due to the blockage of receptor site by antibodies formed against hormones, sperm and ovum. Immunoinfertility can be treated in the animal by giving sexual rest to females, by using various reproductive technologies such as in-vitro fertilization, gamete intra fallopian tube transfer, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection, sperm washing and by treating the animals with immunomodulators such as LPS, Oyster glycogen, etc. This review summarizes the different causes of bovine reproductive immunoinfertility and amelioration strategies to overcome it.

Keywords: LPS; cattle; endometritis; immunoinfertility; immunomodulators.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Immunoinfertility caused by exogenous use of reproductive hormones and autoimmunity in female.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Antisperm antibody production by the immune system and its impact on sperm motility and fertility (RFM, Retension of fetal membrane; IL6, Interleukin 6; IL8, Interleukin 8; LPS, Lipopolysaccharide; TNF-alpha, Tumor necrotic factor-alpha; TLR, Toll like receptor; IL1B, Interleukin 1B).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Immune mechanism made by immunomodulators to restore fertility.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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