Long-term treatment of essential hypertension using nadolol and hydrochlorothiazide combined

Abstract

1 The stepped care approach for the treatment of hypertension was adopted in a study at Ain Shams Hospital using hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) and a new beta-blocker, nadolol. Sixty mild to moderately hypertensive patients were studied for 20 weeks (2 weeks no antihypertendive the therapy, 3 weeks placebo, 3 weeks HCT, 4 weeks nadolol + HCT dose titration and 8 weeks nadolol + HCT maintenance). The dose of HCT was 50 mg once daily throughout the study except for six patients who had their HCT dose increased to 100 mg daily during maintenance. The dose of nadolol ranged from 40-240 mg daily. 2 No patient on HCT monotherapy achieved full control of his supine diastolic blood pressure (SDBP less than 90 mm Hg). On combined therapy, 55 patients (91.7%) showed a full response, whereas the remaining five patients a good or adequate response. 3 Thirty-two of these patients agreed to continue in the study for a further 21 months (totalling 2 yr of therapy). To date, 15 of them have completed a total of 10 months, 7 have completed 11 months and 10 have completed 12 months. The delta percentage decrease in supine BP continued to be 28.0 and 19.5 for systolic and diastolic BPs respectively. 4 No significant changes in funduscopies, chest X-rays, ECGs, or full laboratory investigations were noted. A few side-effects of mild nature occurred. None necessitated discontinuation of therapy. 5 Combined therapy with nadolol and HCT is a safe and effective method of controlling hypertension over extended periods.