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. 2024 Jul;68(13):e2300271.
doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202300271. Epub 2023 Oct 24.

A Mediterranean Diet-Based Metabolomic Score and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: A Case-Control Analysis Nested within the Three-City Cohort Study

Alba Tor-Roca  1   2 , Alex Sánchez-Pla  2   3 , Aniko Korosi  4 , Mercè Pallàs  5   6 , Paul J Lucassen  4 , Pol Castellano-Escuder  1   2   3 , Ludwig Aigner  7 , Raúl González-Domínguez  1   2 , Claudine Manach  8 , Francisco Carmona  2   3 , Esteban Vegas  2   3 , Catherine Helmer  9 , Catherine Feart  9 , Sophie Lefèvre-Arbogast  9 , Jeanne Neuffer  9 , Hyunah Lee  10 , Sandrine Thuret  10 , Cristina Andres-Lacueva  1   2 , Cécilia Samieri  9 , Mireia Urpi-Sarda  1   2
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Free article

A Mediterranean Diet-Based Metabolomic Score and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: A Case-Control Analysis Nested within the Three-City Cohort Study

Alba Tor-Roca et al. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2024 Jul.
Free article

Abstract

Scope: Evidence on the Mediterranean diet (MD) and age-related cognitive decline (CD) is still inconclusive partly due to self-reported dietary assessment. The aim of the current study is to develop an MD- metabolomic score (MDMS) and investigate its association with CD in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods and results: This study includes participants from the Three-City Study from the Bordeaux (n = 418) and Dijon (n = 422) cohorts who are free of dementia at baseline. Repeated measures of cognition over 12 years are collected. An MDMS is designed based on serum biomarkers related to MD key food groups and using a targeted metabolomics platform. Associations with CD are investigated through conditional logistic regression (matched on age, sex, and education level) in both sample sets. The MDMS is found to be inversely associated with CD (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 0.90 [0.80-1.00]; p = 0.048) in the Bordeaux (discovery) cohort. Results are comparable in the Dijon (validation) cohort, with a trend toward significance (OR [95% CI] = 0.91 [0.83-1.01]; p = 0.084).

Conclusions: A greater adherence to the MD, here assessed by a serum MDMS, is associated with lower odds of CD in older adults.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; aging; cognitive dysfunction; cognitive impairment; metabolite.

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