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. 2023 Nov;29(11):2257-2265.
doi: 10.3201/eid2911.230577.

SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Risk in Persons with HIV, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 2020-2022

Richard A Teran, Alexandra Gagner, Stephanie Gretsch, Jeff Lauritsen, Daniel Galanto, Kelly Walblay, Peter Ruestow, Colin Korban, Massimo Pacilli, David Kern, Stephanie R Black, Irina Tabidze

SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Risk in Persons with HIV, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 2020-2022

Richard A Teran et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Nov.

Abstract

Understanding if persons with HIV (PWH) have a higher risk for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection may help tailor future COVID-19 public health guidance. To determine whether HIV infection was associated with increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, we followed adult residents of Chicago, Illinois, USA, with SARS-CoV-2 longitudinally from their first reported infection through May 31, 2022. We matched SARS-CoV-2 laboratory data and COVID-19 vaccine administration data to Chicago's Enhanced HIV/AIDS Reporting System. Among 453,587 Chicago residents with SARS-CoV-2, a total of 5% experienced a SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, including 192/2,886 (7%) PWH and 23,642/450,701 (5%) persons without HIV. We observed higher SARS-CoV-2 reinfection incidence rates among PWH (66 [95% CI 57-77] cases/1,000 person-years) than PWOH (50 [95% CI 49-51] cases/1,000 person-years). PWH had a higher adjusted rate of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection (1.46, 95% CI 1.27-1.68) than those without HIV. PWH should follow the recommended COVID-19 vaccine schedule, including booster doses.

Keywords: COVID-19; Chicago; HIV/AIDS; Illinois; PWH; PWOH; SARS-CoV-2; United States; public health surveillance; reinfection; respiratory infections; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; viruses; zoonoses.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cumulative incidence (cases/1,000 person-years) of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection by HIV status, Chicago, Illinois, USA, January 1, 2020–May 31, 2022. PWH, persons with HIV; PWOH, persons without HIV.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cumulative incidence (cases/1,000 person-years) of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection by HIV viral suppression status, Chicago, Illinois, USA, January 1, 2020–May 31, 2022. PWH, persons with HIV; PWOH, persons without HIV.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cumulative incidence (cases/1,000 person-years) of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection by most recent CD4 count, Chicago, Illinois, USA, January 1, 2020–May 31, 2022. PWH, persons with HIV; PWOH, persons without HIV.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cumulative incidence (cases/1,000 person-years) of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection by history of AIDS diagnosis, Chicago, Illinois, USA, January 1, 2020–May 31, 2022. CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; PWH, persons with HIV; PWOH, persons without HIV.
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