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. 2023 Sep 23;30(10):8686-8702.
doi: 10.3390/curroncol30100629.

Epithelial Membrane Protein-3 and Chitinase-3-like Protein-1 as New Prognostic Predictors of Glioma, a Two-Gene Study

Kecheng Shen  1 , Jiandong Zhu  1 , Shijie Zhou  1 , Xin Jin  1 , Weiwei Zhai  1 , Liang Sun  1 , Jiang Wu  1 , Zhengquan Yu  1
Affiliations

Epithelial Membrane Protein-3 and Chitinase-3-like Protein-1 as New Prognostic Predictors of Glioma, a Two-Gene Study

Kecheng Shen et al. Curr Oncol. .

Abstract

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common primary intracranial tumor, with a high degree of malignancy, poor therapeutic effect, and poor prognosis. According to previous studies, CHI3L1 and EMP3 are two independent tumor predictors that are of great significance for the prognostic prediction of other tumors, and their expression levels may be related to the prognosis of glioma patients.

Methods: using Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), cBioPortal, LinkedOmics, and other databases, 693 glioma patients were screened to analyze the relationship between EMP3 and CHI3L1 expression and prognosis in glioma patients.

Results: low-grade glioma patients with a low expression of EMP3/CHI3L1 had a better prognosis, and the combination of EMP3/CHI3L1 is a new predictor for glioma patients.

Conclusion: We used the TCGA and CGGA databases to analyze the effect of EMP3 and CHI3L1 expression on the prognosis of glioma patients and their correlation with gene expression using bioinformation analysis. The results showed that low-grade glioma patients with a low expression of EMP3 and CHI3L1 had a better prognosis, and EMP3 and CHI3L1 co-expression genes were correlated. The combination of these two factors could be a new prognostic index for glioma patients.

Keywords: CHI3L1; EMP3; gene; glioblastoma; glioma; prognostic.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Transcriptional levels of EMP3 (a) and CHI3L1 (b) in normal brain tissue and glioma.
Figure 2
Figure 2
OS and DFS analyses based on EMP3 and CHI3L1 expression in LGG (a,b,e,f) and GBM (c,d,g,h) using the TCGA database.
Figure 3
Figure 3
CGGA database was used to analyze the relationship between EMP3 (a,b) and CHI3L1 (c,d) expression levels and the survival time of primary and recurrent gliomas.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Nomogram development and validation. (a) For OS, hazard ratios and p-value of constituents involved in multivariate Cox regression considering clinical information and prognostic EMP3 and CHI3L1 in TCGA database. The numbers in red represent p < 0.05; (b) the Nomogram graph of the Cox survival curve regression analysis model; (c) Nomogram calibration curve for Nomogram OS prognostic model.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Genetic alteration of EMP3 and CHI3L1 (A) and the association with OS in gliomas (B,C).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Co-expression genes and heat map of EMP3 (a–c) and CHI3L1 (d–f) in glioma cells.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Genetic correlation of EMP3 and CHI3L1 with Pearson correlation analysis in Linkedomic (a) and CGGA databases (b,c).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Gene set enrichment analyses of EMP3 and CHI3L1 co-expression genes in gliomas. (A–C) BP, CC, and MF of EMP3 co-expression genes. (D) Enrichment analysis of EMP3 by KEGG pathway. (E–G) BP, CC, and MF of CHI3L1 co-expression genes. (H) Enrichment analysis of KEGG pathway in CHI3L1. Only p < 0.05 disease was present.
Figure 9
Figure 9
qRT-PCR results of tissue samples. (a–c) CHI3L1 and EMP3 levels in normal and glioma cells were determined by qRT-PCR. (** p< 0.01, and *** p < 0.001).
Figure 10
Figure 10
IHC of CHI3L1 (a–c) and EMP3 (d–f) in normal tissue (a,d), LGG (b,e), and GBM (c,f).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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