Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Oct 10;13(20):2739.
doi: 10.3390/nano13202739.

Thermal Transport and Rheological Properties of Hybrid Nanofluids Based on Vegetable Lubricants

Hélio Ribeiro  1   2 , Jose Jaime Taha-Tijerina  1 , Ofelia Gomez  3 , Ever Acosta  3 , Gabriel M Pinto  2   4 , Lorena R C Moraes  5 , Guilhermino J M Fechine  2   4 , Ricardo J E Andrade  2   4 , Jefferson Reinoza  3 , Victoria Padilla  3 , Karen Lozano  3
Affiliations

Thermal Transport and Rheological Properties of Hybrid Nanofluids Based on Vegetable Lubricants

Hélio Ribeiro et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

Nanofluids based on vegetal oil with different wt.% of carbon nanotubes (CNT), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), and its hybrid (h-BN@CNT) were produced to investigate the effects of these nano-additives on the thermal conductivity and rheological properties of nanofluids. Stable suspensions of these oil/nanostructures were produced without the use of stabilizing agents. The dispersed nanostructures were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD, and XPS, while the thermal conductivity and rheological characteristics were studied by a transient hot-wire method and steady-state flow tests, respectively. Increases in thermal conductivity of up to 39% were observed for fluids produced with 0.5 wt.% of the hybrid nanomaterials. As for the rheological properties, it was verified that both the base fluid and the h-BN suspensions exhibited Newtonian behavior, while the presence of CNT modified this tendency. This change in behavior is attributed to the hydrophobic character of both CNT and the base oil, while h-BN nanostructures have lip-lip "bonds", giving it a partial ionic character. However, the combination of these nanostructures was fundamental for the synergistic effect on the increase of thermal conductivity with respect to their counterparts.

Keywords: hybrid nanofluids; rheological properties; thermal conductivity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
SEM images of h-BN (a) and CNT (b) and hybrid mixture h-BN@CNT (c) nanoparticles with different magnifications.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical and microstructural analyses of h-BN, CNT, and h-BN@CNT: (a) XPS surveys; (b) XRD diffractograms.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Thermal conductivity performance of vegetable nanofluids: (a) h-BN, (b) CNT, and (c) h-BN@CNT under temperature-dependence evaluation (percentage of filler amount is mentioned).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Flow curves along with curve fitting (left column) and viscosity curves (right columns) of the suspensions. All graphs show base oil curves as a reference. (a,b) present the effects of h-BN concentration; (c,d) show the influence of CNT concentration; (e,f) exhibit the effects of the hybrid concentration of h-BN@CNT on the flow and viscosity curves of the suspensions.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Illustrations of the proposed thermal conduction mechanisms within each nanofluid system: (a) h-BN, (b) CNT, and (c) h-BN@CNT.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Taha-Tijerina J., Ribeiro H., Aviña K., Martínez J.M., Godoy A.P., Cremonezzi J.M.d.O., Luciano M.A., Gimenes Benega M.A., Andrade R.J.E., Fechine G.J.M., et al. Thermal Conductivity Performance of 2D h-BN/MoS2/-Hybrid Nanostructures Used on Natural and Synthetic Esters. Nanomaterials. 2020;10:1160. doi: 10.3390/nano10061160. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Salah N., Abdel-wahab M.S., Alshahrie A., Alharbi N.D., Khan Z.H. Carbon nanotubes of oil fly ash as lubricant additives for different base oils and their tribology performance. RSC Adv. 2017;7:40295–40302. doi: 10.1039/C7RA07155H. - DOI
    1. Taha-Tijerina J., Narayanan T.N., Gao G., Rohde M., Tsentalovich D.A., Pasquali M., Ajayan P.M. Electrically Insulating Thermal Nano-Oils Using 2D Fillers. ACS Nano. 2012;6:1214–1220. doi: 10.1021/nn203862p. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Taha-Tijerina J.J., Aviña K., Ulloa-Castillo N.A., Melo-Maximo D.V. Thermal Transport and Physical Characteristics of Silver-Reinforced Biodegradable Nanolubricant. Sustainability. 2023;15:8795. doi: 10.3390/su15118795. - DOI
    1. Ribeiro A.R., Silva S.S., Reis R.L. Challenges and opportunities on vegetable oils derived systems for biomedical applications. Biomater. Adv. 2022;134:112720. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112720. - DOI - PubMed