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. 2023 Sep 24;10(10):1593.
doi: 10.3390/children10101593.

Long-Term Results after Chiari Pelvic Osteotomy in the Skeletally Immature and the Role of the Anti-Chiari Effect

Eleonora Schneider  1 , Marie-Christine Lutschounig  1 , Klemens Vertesich  1 , Markus Schreiner  1 , Philipp Peloschek  2 , Daniel Bork  3 , Reinhard Windhager  1 , Catharina Chiari  1
Affiliations

Long-Term Results after Chiari Pelvic Osteotomy in the Skeletally Immature and the Role of the Anti-Chiari Effect

Eleonora Schneider et al. Children (Basel). .

Abstract

Several authors observed a loss of correction after performing Chiari pelvic osteotomy (CPO) in young patients. Hence, the aim of this study was to answer two questions: (1) Does the Chiari pelvic osteotomy affect the development of the acetabulum in skeletally immature patients in the long term? (2) Is there any evidence of the previously described "Anti-Chiari" effect after a mean follow-up of 36 years? Data from 21 patients (27 hips) undergoing CPO before the age of 16 years were clinically assessed, and the evolution of radiological parameters over time was analyzed. The mean age at CPO was 11.2 years (±3; 4.4-15.7). The 20- and 30-year survival rates of the CPO were 100% and 92.6%, respectively. Mean postoperative medialization was 54% (±18; 23-99). The average osteotomy angle was 11° (±7; 2-28). No significant changes were found for the center-edge angle (CEA) and acetabular index (AI) over time; the angle of Idelberger and Frank (ACM) almost reached normal values at follow-up (FU); for the acetabular-head index (AHI), a slight shift toward the initial situation could be detected. The morphology of the acetabulum remained unchanged over time. The "Anti-Chiari effect" seems to be primarily caused by insufficient coverage of the femoral head rather than damage to the apophysis due to surgery.

Keywords: Anti-Chiari effect; acetabular development; hip dysplasia; long-term results; pelvic osteotomy; skeletally immature.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Kaplan–Meier curve for overall survival with conversion to total hip arthroplasty as an endpoint.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A–D): The Boxplot depicts the comparison of the development of the angles ((A): CEA; (B): ACM, (C): AI; (D): AHI) over time.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A–D): An exemplary case is shown in Figure 3. (A) depicts an ap pelvis radiograph prior to CPO. (B) shows the postoperative result of the left hip. (C) displays the postoperative result of the right hip. (D) illustrates the long-term results 37 years after CPO.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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