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Review
. 2023 Sep 25;59(10):1711.
doi: 10.3390/medicina59101711.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome: A Prospective Study on Cardiovascular Health

Marius Rus  1   2   3 , Simina Crisan  4   5   6 , Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara  2   3   7 , Mirela Indries  2   3   7 , Paula Marian  1   2   3 , Oana Lilliana Pobirci  2   3   7 , Adriana Ioana Ardelean  2   3   8
Affiliations
Review

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome: A Prospective Study on Cardiovascular Health

Marius Rus et al. Medicina (Kaunas). .

Abstract

Background and objectives: This article highlights the relationship between metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease, providing a comprehensive overview of its risk factors and prevalence. Metabolic syndrome, characterized by a cluster of interconnected risk factors, significantly increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes. Materials and methods: This study, conducted over a one-year period, involved 117 patients aged between 30 and 79 years old. Various parameters were analyzed, such as gender, age, education level, provenance from urban or rural environment, smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary aspects, physical activity, and their contribution to the appearance of metabolic syndrome. Central adiposity and high blood pressure emerged as prominent elements of the condition. Results: The findings underscore the importance of a healthy lifestyle in the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome. Encouraging regular physical activity, maintaining a balanced diet, rich in fresh vegetables and fruits, and avoiding harmful behaviors, such as smoking or alcohol consumption, are essential in reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome and its associated cardiovascular complications. Conclusions: The study highlights the need for public health initiatives, as well as individualized preventive strategies to combat the rising prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Through promoting awareness of its risk factors and implementing effective interventions, healthcare professionals can contribute to better cardiovascular health worldwide. Further research in this area will continue to enhance our understanding of metabolic syndrome and refine preventive and therapeutic approaches for its management.

Keywords: cardiovascular disease; dietary habits; high blood pressure; management; metabolic syndrome; obesity; preventive strategies; rising prevalence; risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of cases according to number of defining elements for metabolic syndrome.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The incidence of metabolic syndrome among smokers and alcohol consumers (MS”+” = patients with metabolic syndrome; MS”-“= patients without metabolic syndrome).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Metabolic syndrome distribution by gender.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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