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Observational Study
. 2023 Oct 17;59(10):1846.
doi: 10.3390/medicina59101846.

Prevalence Rates of Arterial Hypertension According to the Threshold Criteria of 140/90 or 130/80 mmHg and Associated Cardiometabolic and Renal Factors: SIMETAP-HTN Study

Vicente Pallarés-Carratalá  1   2 , Antonio Ruiz-García  3   4 , Adalberto Serrano-Cumplido  5 , Ezequiel Arranz-Martínez  6 , Juan Antonio Divisón-Garrote  7 , Ana Moyá-Amengual  8 , Carlos Escobar-Cervantes  9 , Vivencio Barrios  10   11
Affiliations
Observational Study

Prevalence Rates of Arterial Hypertension According to the Threshold Criteria of 140/90 or 130/80 mmHg and Associated Cardiometabolic and Renal Factors: SIMETAP-HTN Study

Vicente Pallarés-Carratalá et al. Medicina (Kaunas). .

Abstract

Background and objectives: Arterial hypertension (HTN) is the leading preventable cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) and death from all causes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence rates of HTN diagnosed according to the threshold diagnostic criteria 130/80 mmHg and 140/90 mmHg, to compare blood pressure (BP) control, and to evaluate their associations with cardiovascular diseases and cardiometabolic and renal risk factors. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in primary care with a population-based random sample: 6588 people aged 18.0-102.8 years. Crude and adjusted prevalence rates of HTN were calculated. BP control was compared in HTN patients with and without ASCVD or chronic kidney disease (CKD). Their associations with cardiovascular diseases and cardiometabolic and renal factors were assessed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Adjusted prevalence rates of HTN diagnosed according to 140/90 and 130/90 criteria were 30.9% (32.9% male; 29.7% female) and 54.9% (63.2% male; 49.3% female), respectively. BP < 130/80 mmHg was achieved in 60.5% of HTN patients without ASCVD or CKD according to 140/90 criterion, and 65.5% according to 130/80 criterion. This BP-control was achieved in 70% of HTN patients with ASCVD and 71% with CKD, according to both criteria. Coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, diabetes, prediabetes, low glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hyperuricemia, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, overweight, and increased waist-to-height ratio were independently associated with HTN according to both criteria. Conclusions: Almost a third of the adult population has HTN according to the 140/90 criterion, and more than half according to the 130/90 criterion, with a higher prevalence in men. The main clinical conditions associated with HTN were heart failure, diabetes, CHD, low eGFR, and obesity.

Keywords: arterial hypertension; blood pressure control; cardiovascular diseases; cardiovascular risk factors; prevalence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare they have no conflicts of interest to disclose. All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organisation or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Prevalence rates of hypertension by age group according to 140/90 criterion. n: number of cases; N: sample size; M: male; F: female; p: p-value of the difference in percentages (M–F).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Prevalence rates of hypertension by age group according to 130/80 criterion. n: number of cases; N: sample size; M: male; F: female; p: p-value of the difference in percentages (M–F).
Figure 3
Figure 3
HTN prevalence rates according to 140/90 or 130/90 and related factors (graphical abstract).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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