Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2023 Oct 19;15(20):5042.
doi: 10.3390/cancers15205042.

PDZ and LIM Domain-Encoding Genes: Their Role in Cancer Development

Xinyuan Jiang  1 , Zhiyong Xu  1 , Sujing Jiang  1 , Huan Wang  1 , Mingshu Xiao  1 , Yueli Shi  1 , Kai Wang  1
Affiliations
Review

PDZ and LIM Domain-Encoding Genes: Their Role in Cancer Development

Xinyuan Jiang et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

PDZ-LIM family proteins (PDLIMs) are a kind of scaffolding proteins that contain PDZ and LIM interaction domains. As protein-protein interacting molecules, PDZ and LIM domains function as scaffolds to bind to a variety of proteins. The PDLIMs are composed of evolutionarily conserved proteins found throughout different species. They can participate in cell signal transduction by mediating the interaction of signal molecules. They are involved in many important physiological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and the maintenance of cellular structural integrity. Studies have shown that dysregulation of the PDLIMs leads to tumor formation and development. In this paper, we review and integrate the current knowledge on PDLIMs. The structure and function of the PDZ and LIM structural domains and the role of the PDLIMs in tumor development are described.

Keywords: ALP/Enigma/LIMK kinase; LIM; PDZ; scaffold protein; signaling transduction; tumor.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The 3D structure of ALP subfamily. (A) The 3D structure of PDLIM1. (B) The 3D structure of PDLIM2. (C) The 3D structure of PDLIM3. (D) The 3D structure of PDLIM4.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The 3D structure of Enigma subfamily. (A) The 3D structure of PDLIM5. (B) The 3D structure of PDLIM6. (C) The 3D structure of PDLIM7.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The 3D structure of LIM Kinase and LMO7. (A) The 3D structure of LIMK1. (B) The 3D structure of LIMK2. (C) The 3D structure of LMO7.
Figure 4
Figure 4
PDLIMs and integrin signaling pathway.
Figure 5
Figure 5
PDLIMs and TGF-β signaling pathway.
Figure 6
Figure 6
PDLIMs and MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. DiRusso C.J., Dashtiahangar M., Gilmore T.D. Scaffold Proteins as Dynamic Integrators of Biological Processes. J. Biol. Chem. 2022;298:102628. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102628. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Shaw A.S., Filbert E.L. Scaffold Proteins and Immune-Cell Signalling. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2009;9:47–56. doi: 10.1038/nri2473. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Velthuis A.J.W.T., Bagowski C.P. PDZ and LIM Domain-Encoding Genes: Molecular Interactions and Their Role in Development. Sci. World J. 2007;7:1470–1492. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2007.232. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Vallenius T., Luukko K., Mäkelä T.P. CLP-36 PDZ-LIM Protein Associates with Nonmuscle Alpha-Actinin-1 and Alpha-Actinin-4. J. Biol. Chem. 2000;275:11100–11105. doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.15.11100. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Zhou Q., Ruiz-Lozano P., Martone M.E., Chen J. Cypher, a Striated Muscle-Restricted PDZ and LIM Domain-Containing Protein, Binds to Alpha-Actinin-2 and Protein Kinase C. J. Biol. Chem. 1999;274:19807–19813. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.28.19807. - DOI - PubMed