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. 2023 Sep 27;16(10):1368.
doi: 10.3390/ph16101368.

Synergistic Antihyperglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Polyherbal and Allopolyherbal Formulation

Yahya Alhamhoom  1 , Syed Sagheer Ahmed  2 , Rupesh Kumar M  3 , M D Salahuddin  4 , Bharathi D R  2 , Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed  5 , Syeda Ayesha Farhana  6 , Mohamed Rahamathulla  1
Affiliations

Synergistic Antihyperglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Polyherbal and Allopolyherbal Formulation

Yahya Alhamhoom et al. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). .

Abstract

Polyherbal formulation (PHF) enhances therapeutic efficacy and minimizes side effects by reducing individual herb dosages. Allopolyherbal formulation (APHF) combines polyherbal extracts with allopathic medication, effectively reducing the latter's required dose and mitigating associated adverse effects. The current study intends to assess the anti-diabetic effects of PHF and APHF in-vivo. Dried raw powders of Cassia auriculata leaf, Centella asiatica leaf, and Zingiber officinale rhizome were extracted by cold maceration process using 70% ethanol. These extracts were combined in three different ratios to make PHF. PHF was subjected to qualitative and quantitative phytochemical investigations. APHF has been prepared by combining a potent ratio of PHF with metformin in three different ratios. The compatibility of APHF has been confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In vivo activity was also evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats. PHF (3 different ratios at a dose of 200-400 mg/kg b.w), APHF (combination of PHF and metformin in 3 different ratios, 200 + 22.5, 200 + 45, and 200 + 67.5 mg/kg b.w), and metformin (90 mg/kg b.w) were administered to albino rats for 21 consecutive days. Blood glucose levels were estimated on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 21st days of treatment. On the 21st day, blood was collected by cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. The liver and pancreas were isolated and subjected to histopathological analysis. PHF and APHF showed significant anti-diabetic and antihyperlipidemic efficacy. In comparison to PHF, APHF had the most promising action. The current study demonstrated that PHF and APHF are safe and efficacious drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus as they help to replace or lower the dose of metformin, thereby decreasing the risks of metformin.

Keywords: allopolyherbal; diabetes; in vivo; polyherbal; rat; streptozotocin.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
DSC curve of metformin.
Figure 2
Figure 2
DSC curve of polyherbal extract.
Figure 3
Figure 3
DSC curve of allopolyherbal extract.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effect of drugs on blood glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic rats (metformin vs. PHF vs. APHF).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Effect of drugs on body weight (g) in STZ-induced diabetic rats (metformin vs. PHF vs. APHF).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Effect of drugs on lipid profile in STZ-induced diabetic rats (metformin vs. PHF vs. APHF).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Effect of drugs on SGPT, SGOT, and ALP levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats (metformin vs. PHF vs. APHF).
Figure 8
Figure 8
The liver section of histology. (a) G-I (normal control), (b) G-II (diabetic control), (c) G-III (PHF A 1:1:1 200), (d) G-IV (PHF A 1:1:1 400), (e) G-V (PHF B 2:2:1 200), (f) G-VI (PHF B 2:2:1 400), (g) G-VII (PHF C 2:1:2 200), (h) G-VIII (PHF C 2:1:2 400), (i) G-IX (APHF A), (j) G-X (APHF B), (k) G-XI (APHF C), (l) G-XII (metformin),where 1: normal hepatocyte, 2: pykontic nuclei, 3: mild periportal inflammation, 4: periportal fatty infiltration.
Figure 9
Figure 9
The pancreas section of histology. (a) G-I (normal control), (b) G-II (diabetic control), (c) G-III (PHF A 1:1:1 200), (d) G-IV (PHF A 1:1:1 400), (e) G-V (PHF B 2:2:1 200), (f) G-VI (PHF B 2:2:1 400), (g) G-VII (PHF2:1:2 200), (h) G-VIII (PHF C 2:1:2 400), (i) G-IX (APHF A), (j) G-X (APHF B), (k) G-XI (APHF C), (l) G-XII (metformin),where 1: beta cells islets, 2: depletion of beta cells, 3: deleted islets, 4: formation of islets.
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