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. 2023 Oct 21;15(20):4182.
doi: 10.3390/polym15204182.

Study of Damage Prediction of Carbon Fiber Tows Using Eddy Current Measurement

Jeong U Roh  1 , Hyein Kwon  1 , Sangjin Lee  2 , Jae Chung Ha  3 , Seong Baek Yang  4 , Haeseong Lee  5 , Dong-Jun Kwon  4   6
Affiliations

Study of Damage Prediction of Carbon Fiber Tows Using Eddy Current Measurement

Jeong U Roh et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

When manufacturing fiber-reinforced composites, it is possible to improve the quality of fiber steel fire and reduce the number of cracks in the finished product if it is possible to quickly identify the defects of the fiber tow. Therefore, in this study, we developed a method to identify the condition of carbon fiber tow using eddy current test (ECT), which is used to improve the quality of composite materials. Using the eddy current detection sensor, we checked the impedance results according to the condition of the CF tow. We found that the materials of the workbench used in the experiment greatly affected the ECT results, so it is necessary to use a material with a non-conductive and smooth surface. We evaluated the impedance results of the carbon fiber at 2 mm intervals using the ECT sensor and summarized the impedance results according to the fiber width direction, presenting the condition of the section as a constant of variation (CV). If the condition of the carbon fiber tow was unstable, the deviation of the CV per section was large. In particular, the deviation of the CV per section was more than 0.15 when the arrangement of the fibers was changed, foreign substances were formed on the surface of the fibers, and damage occurred in the direction of the fiber width of more than 4 mm, so it was easy to evaluate the quality on CF tow.

Keywords: Eddy current testing; carbon fiber; damage detection; evaluation; impedance.

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Conflict of interest statement

Jae Chung Ha was employed by the company Vastek Korea. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Specimen fixtures with the different material: (a) copper plate; (b) ABS plate; and (c) glass plate.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Photograph of evaluating CF tows using the Eddy current probing detection method in the lab.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Coefficient of variation (CV) for the impedance of a workbench with different materials. (b) Photographical images and measurement point of workbenches with various materials copper, ABS, glass.
Figure 4
Figure 4
CV for the impedance of a CF tow measured on a copper workbench: (a) normal CF tow, (b) damaged CF tow.
Figure 5
Figure 5
CV for the impedance of a CF tow measured on an ABS workbench: (a) normal CF tow, (b–d) damaged CF tow.
Figure 6
Figure 6
CV for the impedance of a CF tow measured on an ABS workbench: (a) curved CF tow; (b) curved and interface damaged CF tow.
Figure 7
Figure 7
CV for the impedance of a CF tow measured on a glass workbench: (a) normal; (b) the CF tow is interface damaged in the fiber length direction; (c) the fiber is partially cut in the fiber length direction; and (d) the CF tow is largely damaged.
Figure 8
Figure 8
(a,b) CV for the impedance of a CF tow with debris measured on an ABS; (c) CV for the impedance of a CF tow with debris measured on a glass; (d) CV for the impedance of a CF veil measured on an ABS.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Classification of carbon fiber (CF) tows based on damage status: (a) normal; (b) fibers within 1 mm in width and intra-fiber defects present (assessed as normal); (c) fibers larger than 1 mm in width and inter-fiber defects present (poor); (d) dust, contact by foreign objects on the fiber tow, and separation of fiber and inter-fiber interfaces; (e) fiber fractured in the horizontal direction; and (f) fiber fractured in the vertical direction.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Tensile stress of single-fiber depending on various individual fibers after ECT: (a) normal, (b) uneven state, (c) foreign substances, and (d) cut single-fiber.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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