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Review
. 2023 Apr 11;9(4):265-276.
doi: 10.1159/000530022. eCollection 2023 Aug.

Strategies to Improve Long-Term Outcomes for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in China

Jing Liu  1   2 , Yunying Shi  1 , Yongshu Diao  1 , Xiaoxi Zeng  1   3 , Ping Fu  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Strategies to Improve Long-Term Outcomes for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in China

Jing Liu et al. Kidney Dis (Basel). .

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an incurable disease requiring lifelong management. China has a high prevalence of CKD, which disproportionately affects older adults and those with chronic risk factors for CKD development. The rising prevalence of CKD in China places a substantial burden on the general population and the healthcare system.

Summary: In China, there are currently many unmet needs for patients with CKD and high-risk individuals, resulting from a lack of education and support to reduce risk factors, delayed diagnoses, limited knowledge of CKD among primary-care physicians, and poor access to treatments among some patient populations. An integrated, nationwide approach is required to improve the current situation of CKD management in China. There are currently several national healthcare frameworks in place that focus on new major health policies to prevent disease and encourage people to adopt healthier lifestyles, and while they do not directly target CKD, they may have a positive indirect impact. We explore the unmet needs for patients with CKD in China and discuss the potential strategies that may be required to overcome them. Such strategies include improving physician and patient education, establishing a targeted screening programme, supporting patients to improve self-management behaviours, accelerating the creation of medical consortia and medical satellite centres, and migrating from hospital- to community-based management. In addition to policy-driven strategies, development of novel therapies will be key to providing new solutions for the long-term management of CKD.

Key messages: An integrated, nationwide approach is required, incorporating policy-driven changes to the clinical management of CKD, as well as the development of novel CKD treatments.

Keywords: China; Chronic kidney disease; Management strategies.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Risk factors associated with CKD. Risk factors associated with CKD are summarised into following categories: (1) sociodemographic and economic, (2) behavioural, (3) cardiovascular, (4) metabolic, (5) genetic, and (6) newly defined factors. Details of each category were listed in each circle.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Unmet needs for CKD patients in China and recommended solutions – a holistic approach based on conceptual CKD model. Unmet needs and corresponding recommended solutions of CKD management were summarised from the perspective of three-class prevention along with conceptual model of CKD development and progression. CKD, chronic kidney disease.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Multidisciplinary model for CKD management. Multidisciplinary management of CKD allows simultaneous and complementary management by primary-care physicians, specialists, and allied healthcare professionals, and may lead to improved outcomes for CKD patients. There is currently no consensus on the optimum composition of a specialist multidisciplinary team, although commonly they comprise a nephrologist, nurse, dietician, and either a pharmacist or social worker. CKD, chronic kidney disease.
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