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. 2023 Nov 2;18(11):e0293155.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293155. eCollection 2023.

QTL analysis of traits related to seed size and shape in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Hongxian Mei  1   2 , Chengqi Cui  1   2 , Yanyang Liu  2 , Zhenwei Du  2 , Ke Wu  2 , Xiaolin Jiang  2 , Yongzhan Zheng  2 , Haiyang Zhang  1   2
Affiliations

QTL analysis of traits related to seed size and shape in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Hongxian Mei et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Seed size and shape are important traits that determine seed yield in sesame. Understanding the genetic basis of seed size and shape is essential for improving the yield of sesame. In this study, F2 and BC1 populations were developed by crossing the Yuzhi 4 and Bengal small-seed (BS) lines for detecting the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of traits related to seed size and shape. A total of 52 QTLs, including 13 in F2 and 39 in BC1 populations, for seed length (SL), seed width (SW), and length to width ratio (L/W) were identified, explaining phenotypic variations from 3.68 to 21.64%. Of these QTLs, nine stable major QTLs were identified in the two populations. Notably, three major QTLs qSL-LG3-2, qSW-LG3-2, and qSW-LG3-F2 that accounted for 4.94-16.34% of the phenotypic variations were co-localized in a 2.08 Mb interval on chromosome 1 (chr1) with 279 candidate genes. Three stable major QTLs qSL-LG6-2, qLW-LG6, and qLW-LG6-F2 that explained 8.14-33.74% of the phenotypic variations were co-localized in a 3.27 Mb region on chr9 with 398 candidate genes. In addition, the stable major QTL qSL-LG5 was co-localized with minor QTLs qLW-LG5-3 and qSW-LG5 to a 1.82 Mb region on chr3 with 195 candidate genes. Gene annotation, orthologous gene analysis, and sequence analysis indicated that three genes are likely involved in sesame seed development. These results obtained herein provide valuable in-formation for functional gene cloning and improving the seed yield of sesame.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Phenotypic characterization of the seeds of Yuzhi 4 and BS lines.
(A) Seed size and shape phenotypes of Yuzhi 4 and BS lines; scale bar: 0.5 cm. (B) Comparison of the SL, SW, and L/W ratio of Yuzhi 4 and BS lines. The data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3). The asterisks indicate significant differences (t-test; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001) between Yuzhi 4 and BS.
Fig 2
Fig 2. QTLs for traits related to seed size and shape detected in BC1 population.
The black bar on each LG column indicates a marker. The QTLs for SL, SW, and L/W are shown in red, blue, and black, respectively.
Fig 3
Fig 3. QTLs for traits related to seed size and shape detected in F2 and BC1 populations.
The black bar on each LG column indicates a marker. The QTLs for F2 and BC1 populations are shown in black and red, respectively.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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