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. 2023 Oct;15(5):227-237.
doi: 10.4047/jap.2023.15.5.227. Epub 2023 Oct 26.

Effect of artificial aging on mechanical and physical properties of CAD-CAM PMMA resins for occlusal splints

Júlia Correa Raffaini  1 , Eduardo Jose Soares  2 , Rebeca Franco de Lima Oliveira  1 , Rocio Geng Vivanco  1 , Ayodele Alves Amorim  1 , Ana Lucia Caetano Pereira  3 , Fernanda Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza  1
Affiliations

Effect of artificial aging on mechanical and physical properties of CAD-CAM PMMA resins for occlusal splints

Júlia Correa Raffaini et al. J Adv Prosthodont. 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to assess and compare the color stability, flexural strength (FS), and surface roughness of occlusal splints fabricated from heat-cured acrylic resin, milled polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based resin, and 3D-printed (PMMA) based-resin.

Materials and methods: Samples of each type of resin were obtained, and baseline measurements of color and surface roughness were recorded. The specimens were divided into three groups (n = 10) and subjected to distinct aging protocols: thermomechanical cycling (TMC), simulated brushing (SB), and control (without aging). Final assessments of color and surface roughness and three-point bending test (ODM100; Odeme) were conducted, and data were statistically analyzed (2-way ANOVA, Tukey, P <.05).

Results: Across all resin types, the most significant increase in surface roughness (Ra) was observed after TMC (P < .05), with the 3D-printed resin exhibiting the lowest Ra (P < .05). After brushing, milled resin displayed the highest Ra (P < .05) and greater color alteration (ΔE00) compared to 3D-printed resin. The most substantial ΔE00 was recorded after brushing for all resins, except for heat-cured resin subjected to TMC. Regardless of aging, milled resin exhibited the highest FS (P < .05), except when compared to 3D-printed resin subjected to TMC. Heat-cured resin exposed to TMC demonstrated the lowest FS, different (P < .05) from the control. Under control conditions, milled resin exhibited the highest FS, different (P < .05) from the brushed group. 3D-printed resin subjected to TMC displayed the highest FS (P < .05).

Conclusion: Among the tested resins, 3D-printed resin demonstrated superior longevity, characterized by minimal surface roughness and color alterations. Aging had a negligible impact on its mechanical properties.

Keywords: Aging; Color; Computer-Aided Design; Flexural strength; Occlusal splints; Polymethyl Metacrylate.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Study Flowchart.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Comparison of flexural strength. Different letters, lowercase among the resins within the same aging protocol and uppercase among the aging protocols within the same resin, indicate significant difference (P < .05).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Comparison of color alteration. Different letters, lowercase among the resins within the same aging protocol and uppercase among the aging protocols within the same resin, indicate a significant difference (P < .05).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. Comparison of surface roughness alteration (ΔRa). Different letters, lowercase among the resins within the same aging protocol and uppercase among the aging protocols within the same resin, indicate a significant difference (P < .05).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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