Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms
- PMID: 37937650
- PMCID: PMC10609648
- DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004962
Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms
Abstract
Objective: To verify whether folic acid supplementation during pregnancy is associated with the occurrence of maternal depressive symptoms at three months postpartum, in the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort.
Methods: This study included 4,046 women, who were classified into three groups: did not use folic acid supplementation during pregnancy; used during only one trimester of pregnancy; and used for two or three trimesters. Depressive symptoms were assessed at three months postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), at cutoff points ≥ 10 (mild symptoms) and ≥ 13 (moderate to severe intensity).
Results: The overall prevalence of mild symptoms was of 20.2% (95%CI 19.0-21.5), and moderate and severe was 11% (95%CI 10.0-12.0). The prevalence of EPDS ≥ 10 was of 26.8% (95%CI 24.0-29.5) among women who did not use folic acid and 18.1% for both those who used it during one trimester of pregnancy (95%CI 16.1-20.1) and those who used it for two or three trimesters (95%CI 16.0-20.2). The prevalence of EPDS ≥ 13 was of 15.7% (95%CI 13.5-17.9) in those who did not use folic acid, 9.1% (95%CI 7.5-10.6) in those who used it for one trimester, and 9.4% (95%CI 7.8-11.0) in those who used it for two or three trimesters. In the adjusted analyses, there was no statistically significant association between the use of folic acid during pregnancy and the occurrence of depressive symptoms at three months postpartum.
Conclusion: There was no association between folic acid supplementation during pregnancy and postpartum depression at three months.
OBJETIVO: Verificar se a suplementação de ácido fólico durante a gestação está associada com a ocorrência de sintomas depressivos maternos aos três meses pós-parto, na Coorte de Nascimentos de Pelotas de 2015.
MÉTODOS: Este estudo incluiu 4.046 mulheres, que foram classificadas em três grupos: sem suplementação de ácido fólico na gestação; uso durante apenas um trimestre da gestação;e uso durante dois ou três trimestres. Os sintomas depressivos foram avaliados aos três meses pós-parto, através da Escala de Depressão Pós-Natal de Edimburgo (EPDS), nos pontos de corte ≥ 10 (sintomas leves) e ≥ 13 (intensidade moderada a grave).
RESULTADOS: A prevalência geral de sintomas leves foi de 20,2% (IC95% 19,0–21,5),e moderados e graves de 11% (IC95% 10,0–12,0). Entre as mulheres que não fizeram uso de ácido fólico, a prevalência de EPDS ≥ 10 foi de 26,8% (IC95% 24,0–29,5) e 18,1% tanto entre as que utilizaram durante um trimestre da gestação (IC95% 16,1–20,1), quanto entre as que utilizaram por dois ou três trimestres (IC95% 16,0–20,2). Já a prevalência de EPDS ≥ 13 foi 15,7% (IC95% 13,5–17,9) entre as que não utilizaram ácido fólico, 9,1% (IC95% 7,5–10,6) entre as que utilizaram durante um trimestre e 9,4% (IC95% 7,8–11,0) entre as que utilizaram por dois ou três trimestres. Nas análises ajustadas, não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre o uso de ácido fólico na gestação e a ocorrência de sintomas depressivos aos três meses pós-parto.
CONCLUSÃO: Não se observou associação entre a suplementação de ácido fólico na gestação e depressão pós-parto aos três meses.
Conflict of interest statement
Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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