Sensitization of aortic and cardiac baroreceptors by arginine vasopressin in mammals

Abstract

Vasopressin facilitates the baroreflex control of the circulation. The peptide may act at several sites to augment the baroreflex. In this study we examined the effect of vasopressin on aortic baroreceptors in anaesthetized rabbits and on left ventricular mechanoreceptors in anaesthetized cats. Vasopressin (16 mu./kg. min) did not change resting nerve discharge in single fibres from aortic baroreceptors. Vasopressin (16 mu./kg. min) significantly enhanced the response of single aortic nerve fibre discharge to elevation in arterial pressure. The slope relating nerve activity to mean arterial pressure increased from 0.24 +/- 0.05 (mean +/- S.E. of mean) to 0.50 +/- 0.16 impulses/cardiac cycle. mmHg (P less than 0.05) in ten aortic medullated fibres and from 0.06 +/- 0.03 to 0.18 +/- 0.04 impulses/cardiac cycle. mmHg (P less than 0.05) in three non-medullated fibres. Vasopressin (16 mu./kg. min) did not change resting nerve discharge in single fibres from left ventricular mechanoreceptors. Vasopressin (16 mu./kg. min) significantly enhanced the response of single nerve fibre discharge from left ventricular mechanoreceptors in response to elevation of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. The slope relating nerve activity to left ventricular end-diastolic pressure increased from 0.24 +/- 0.07 to 0.32 +/- 0.07 impulses/cardiac cycle. mmHg (P less than 0.05) in six medullated fibres and from 0.10 +/- 0.01 to 0.15 +/- 0.02 impulses/cardiac cycle. mmHg (P less than 0.05) in four non-medullated fibres. These data show that vasopressin sensitizes high and low pressure baroreceptors and suggest a mechanism by which vasopressin may facilitate the baroreflex control of the circulation.