Global dataset of soil organic carbon in tidal marshes

Tania L Maxwell^{1

2}, André S Rovai^{3

4}, Maria Fernanda Adame⁵, Janine B Adams⁶, José Álvarez-Rogel⁷, William E N Austin^{8

9}, Kim Beasy¹⁰, Francesco Boscutti¹¹, Michael E Böttcher^{12

13

14}, Tjeerd J Bouma^{15

16

17}, Richard H Bulmer¹⁸, Annette Burden¹⁹, Shannon A Burke²⁰, Saritta Camacho²¹, Doongar R Chaudhary²², Gail L Chmura²³, Margareth Copertino^{24

25}, Grace M Cott²⁰, Christopher Craft^{26

27}, John Day²⁸, Carmen B de Los Santos²⁹, Lionel Denis³⁰, Weixin Ding³¹, Joanna C Ellison³², Carolyn J Ewers Lewis³³, Luise Giani³⁴, Maria Gispert³⁵, Swanne Gontharet³⁶, José A González-Pérez³⁷, M Nazaret González-Alcaraz⁷, Connor Gorham³⁸, Anna Elizabeth L Graversen³⁹, Anthony Grey⁴⁰, Roberta Guerra⁴¹, Qiang He⁴², James R Holmquist⁴³, Alice R Jones^{44

45}, José A Juanes⁴⁶, Brian P Kelleher⁴⁰, Karen E Kohfeld^{47

48}, Dorte Krause-Jensen³⁹, Anna Lafratta³⁸, Paul S Lavery^{38

49}, Edward A Laws⁵⁰, Carmen Leiva-Dueñas³⁹, Pei Sun Loh⁵¹, Catherine E Lovelock⁵², Carolyn J Lundquist^{53

54}, Peter I Macreadie⁵⁵, Inés Mazarrasa⁴⁶, J Patrick Megonigal⁴³, Joao M Neto⁵⁶, Juliana Nogueira^{57

58}, Michael J Osland⁵⁹, Jordi F Pagès⁴⁹, Nipuni Perera⁶⁰, Eva-Maria Pfeiffer⁶¹, Thomas Pollmann³⁴, Jacqueline L Raw⁶, María Recio⁴⁶, Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández⁶², Sophie K Russell^{44

45}, John M Rybczyk⁶³, Marek Sammul⁶⁴, Christian Sanders⁶⁵, Rui Santos²⁹, Oscar Serrano^{38

49}, Matthias Siewert⁶⁶, Craig Smeaton⁸, Zhaoliang Song⁶⁷, Carmen Trasar-Cepeda⁶⁸, Robert R Twilley²⁸, Marijn Van de Broek⁶⁹, Stefano Vitti^{11

70}, Livia Vittori Antisari⁷¹, Baptiste Voltz³⁰, Christy N Wails⁷², Raymond D Ward^{73

74}, Melissa Ward^{75

76}, Jaxine Wolfe⁴³, Renmin Yang⁶⁷, Sebastian Zubrzycki⁷⁷, Emily Landis⁷⁸, Lindsey Smart^{78

79}, Mark Spalding^{80

81}, Thomas A Worthington⁸⁰

Affiliations

¹ Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. taniamaxwell7@gmail.com.
² Biodiversity and Natural Resources Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria. taniamaxwell7@gmail.com.
³ Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA. Andre.S.Rovai@usace.army.mil.
⁴ US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, 39183, USA. Andre.S.Rovai@usace.army.mil.
⁵ Australian Rivers Institute, Centre for Marine and Coastal Research, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4117, Australia.
⁶ DSI-NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, Institute for Coastal Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Gqeberha, 6031, South Africa.
⁷ Department of Agricultural Engineering of the E.T.S.I.A. and Soil Ecology and Biotechnology Unit of the I.B.V., Technical University of Cartagena, 30203, Cartagena, Spain.
⁸ School of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, KY16 9AL, St Andrews, UK.
⁹ Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, UK.
¹⁰ College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia.
¹¹ Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, Udine, 33100, Italy.
¹² Geochemistry and Isotope Biogeochemistry Group, Department of Marine Geology, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research (IOW), Seestrasse 15, D-18119, Warnemünde, Germany.
¹³ Marine Geochemistry, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn Str. 17a, D-17489, Greifswald, Germany.
¹⁴ Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strase 21, D-18059, Rostock, Germany.
¹⁵ Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), 4401 NT, Yerseke, The Netherlands.
¹⁶ Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Physical Geography, Utrecht University, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
¹⁷ Delta Academy Applied Research Centre, HZ University of Applied Sciences, Postbus 364, 4380 AJ, Vlissingen, The Netherlands.
¹⁸ Tidal Research, Auckland, New Zealand.
¹⁹ UKCEH Bangor, Bangor, UK.
²⁰ School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Dublin, Ireland.
²¹ CIMA - Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Faro, Portugal.
²² CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.
²³ McGill University Department of Geography, Montreal, Canada.
²⁴ Institute of Oceanography - Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil.
²⁵ Brazilian Network for Global Change Studies - Rede CLIMA, Rio Grande, Brazil.
²⁶ O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA.
²⁷ University of Georgia Marine Institute, Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA.
²⁸ Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
²⁹ Centre of Marine Sciences of Algarve, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
³⁰ Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8187 - LOG - Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, 32, Avenue Foch, F-62930, Wimereux, France.
³¹ Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
³² School of Geography, Planning Spatial Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, 7250, Australia.
³³ Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, 221 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22903, USA.
³⁴ Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstrase 114-118, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany.
³⁵ Department of Chemical Engineering, Agriculture and Food Technology, Universitat de Girona, 17003, Girona, Spain.
³⁶ LOCEAN UMR 7159 Sorbonne Université/CNRS/IRD/MNHN, 4 place Jussieu - boite 100, F-75252, Paris, France.
³⁷ IRNAS-CSIC, Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Seville, Spain.
³⁸ School of Sciences Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
³⁹ Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
⁴⁰ School of Chemical Science, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
⁴¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy (DIFA), Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
⁴² Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
⁴³ Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, USA.
⁴⁴ School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
⁴⁵ The Environment Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
⁴⁶ IHCantabria, Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, PCTCAN, 39011, Santander, Spain.
⁴⁷ School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, Canada.
⁴⁸ School of Environmental Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, Canada.
⁴⁹ Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB-CSIC), 17300, Blanes, Catalunya, Spain.
⁵⁰ Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA.
⁵¹ Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
⁵² The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
⁵³ National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Hamilton, 3251, New Zealand.
⁵⁴ School of Environment, University of Auckland, New Zealand, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
⁵⁵ Deakin University, Centre for Marine Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
⁵⁶ MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
⁵⁷ LARAMG - Radioecology and Climate Change Laboratory, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, 20550-013, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
⁵⁸ Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
⁵⁹ U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70506, USA.
⁶⁰ Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, 03, Sri Lanka.
⁶¹ Soil Science, Hamburg, Germany.
⁶² Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
⁶³ Western Washington University, Bellingham, USA.
⁶⁴ Elva Gymnasium, Puiestee 2, Elva, 61505, Estonia.
⁶⁵ National Marine Science Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, P.O. Box 157, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2540, Australia.
⁶⁶ Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
⁶⁷ School of Earth System Science, Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
⁶⁸ Departamento de Suelos, Biosistemas y Ecología Agroforestal, MBG sede Santiago (CSIC), Apartado 122, E-15780, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
⁶⁹ Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
⁷⁰ Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
⁷¹ Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari, Viale G. Fanin, 40 - 40127, Bologna, Italy.
⁷² Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA.
⁷³ Centre For Aquatic Environments, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK.
⁷⁴ Institute of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Estonia University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51014, Tartu, Estonia.
⁷⁵ University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
⁷⁶ San Diego State University, San Diego, USA.
⁷⁷ Center of Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
⁷⁸ The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA, USA.
⁷⁹ Center for Geospatial Analytics, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, 2800 Faucette Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
⁸⁰ Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
⁸¹ The Nature Conservancy, Strada delle Tolfe, 14, Siena, 53100, Italy.

PMID: 37952023
PMCID: PMC10640612
DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02633-x

Global dataset of soil organic carbon in tidal marshes

Tania L Maxwell et al. Sci Data. 2023.

. 2023 Nov 11;10(1):797.

doi: 10.1038/s41597-023-02633-x.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. taniamaxwell7@gmail.com.
² Biodiversity and Natural Resources Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria. taniamaxwell7@gmail.com.
³ Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA. Andre.S.Rovai@usace.army.mil.
⁴ US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, 39183, USA. Andre.S.Rovai@usace.army.mil.
⁵ Australian Rivers Institute, Centre for Marine and Coastal Research, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4117, Australia.
⁶ DSI-NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, Institute for Coastal Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Gqeberha, 6031, South Africa.
⁷ Department of Agricultural Engineering of the E.T.S.I.A. and Soil Ecology and Biotechnology Unit of the I.B.V., Technical University of Cartagena, 30203, Cartagena, Spain.
⁸ School of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, KY16 9AL, St Andrews, UK.
⁹ Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, UK.
¹⁰ College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia.
¹¹ Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, Udine, 33100, Italy.
¹² Geochemistry and Isotope Biogeochemistry Group, Department of Marine Geology, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research (IOW), Seestrasse 15, D-18119, Warnemünde, Germany.
¹³ Marine Geochemistry, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn Str. 17a, D-17489, Greifswald, Germany.
¹⁴ Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strase 21, D-18059, Rostock, Germany.
¹⁵ Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), 4401 NT, Yerseke, The Netherlands.
¹⁶ Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Physical Geography, Utrecht University, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
¹⁷ Delta Academy Applied Research Centre, HZ University of Applied Sciences, Postbus 364, 4380 AJ, Vlissingen, The Netherlands.
¹⁸ Tidal Research, Auckland, New Zealand.
¹⁹ UKCEH Bangor, Bangor, UK.
²⁰ School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Dublin, Ireland.
²¹ CIMA - Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Faro, Portugal.
²² CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.
²³ McGill University Department of Geography, Montreal, Canada.
²⁴ Institute of Oceanography - Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil.
²⁵ Brazilian Network for Global Change Studies - Rede CLIMA, Rio Grande, Brazil.
²⁶ O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA.
²⁷ University of Georgia Marine Institute, Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA.
²⁸ Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
²⁹ Centre of Marine Sciences of Algarve, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
³⁰ Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8187 - LOG - Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, 32, Avenue Foch, F-62930, Wimereux, France.
³¹ Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
³² School of Geography, Planning Spatial Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, 7250, Australia.
³³ Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, 221 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22903, USA.
³⁴ Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstrase 114-118, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany.
³⁵ Department of Chemical Engineering, Agriculture and Food Technology, Universitat de Girona, 17003, Girona, Spain.
³⁶ LOCEAN UMR 7159 Sorbonne Université/CNRS/IRD/MNHN, 4 place Jussieu - boite 100, F-75252, Paris, France.
³⁷ IRNAS-CSIC, Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012, Seville, Spain.
³⁸ School of Sciences Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
³⁹ Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
⁴⁰ School of Chemical Science, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
⁴¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy (DIFA), Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
⁴² Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
⁴³ Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, USA.
⁴⁴ School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
⁴⁵ The Environment Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
⁴⁶ IHCantabria, Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, PCTCAN, 39011, Santander, Spain.
⁴⁷ School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, Canada.
⁴⁸ School of Environmental Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, Canada.
⁴⁹ Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB-CSIC), 17300, Blanes, Catalunya, Spain.
⁵⁰ Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA.
⁵¹ Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
⁵² The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
⁵³ National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Hamilton, 3251, New Zealand.
⁵⁴ School of Environment, University of Auckland, New Zealand, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
⁵⁵ Deakin University, Centre for Marine Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
⁵⁶ MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
⁵⁷ LARAMG - Radioecology and Climate Change Laboratory, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, 20550-013, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
⁵⁸ Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
⁵⁹ U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70506, USA.
⁶⁰ Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, 03, Sri Lanka.
⁶¹ Soil Science, Hamburg, Germany.
⁶² Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
⁶³ Western Washington University, Bellingham, USA.
⁶⁴ Elva Gymnasium, Puiestee 2, Elva, 61505, Estonia.
⁶⁵ National Marine Science Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, P.O. Box 157, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2540, Australia.
⁶⁶ Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
⁶⁷ School of Earth System Science, Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
⁶⁸ Departamento de Suelos, Biosistemas y Ecología Agroforestal, MBG sede Santiago (CSIC), Apartado 122, E-15780, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
⁶⁹ Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
⁷⁰ Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
⁷¹ Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari, Viale G. Fanin, 40 - 40127, Bologna, Italy.
⁷² Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA.
⁷³ Centre For Aquatic Environments, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK.
⁷⁴ Institute of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Estonia University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, EE-51014, Tartu, Estonia.
⁷⁵ University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
⁷⁶ San Diego State University, San Diego, USA.
⁷⁷ Center of Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
⁷⁸ The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA, USA.
⁷⁹ Center for Geospatial Analytics, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, 2800 Faucette Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
⁸⁰ Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
⁸¹ The Nature Conservancy, Strada delle Tolfe, 14, Siena, 53100, Italy.

PMID: 37952023
PMCID: PMC10640612
DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02633-x

Abstract

Tidal marshes store large amounts of organic carbon in their soils. Field data quantifying soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks provide an important resource for researchers, natural resource managers, and policy-makers working towards the protection, restoration, and valuation of these ecosystems. We collated a global dataset of tidal marsh soil organic carbon (MarSOC) from 99 studies that includes location, soil depth, site name, dry bulk density, SOC, and/or soil organic matter (SOM). The MarSOC dataset includes 17,454 data points from 2,329 unique locations, and 29 countries. We generated a general transfer function for the conversion of SOM to SOC. Using this data we estimated a median (± median absolute deviation) value of 79.2 ± 38.1 Mg SOC ha^-1 in the top 30 cm and 231 ± 134 Mg SOC ha^-1 in the top 1 m of tidal marsh soils globally. This data can serve as a basis for future work, and may contribute to incorporation of tidal marsh ecosystems into climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies and policies.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

**Fig. 1**
Workflow of the literature search, abstract screening, and dataset generation process for the MarSOC dataset.

**Fig. 2**
Sample locations coloured by data type (core-level *purple*, review *turquoise*, site-level *yellow*).

**Fig. 3**
Distribution of data stored in this MarSOC database across all soil depths.

**Fig. 4**
Data points with both soil organic matter and soil organic carbon values, used to calculate the conversion equation for SOM to SOC (solid *black* line, with prediction intervals in *grey*). Data extracted from the Coastal Carbon Research Coordination Network (CCRCN) are shown in *circles*, and values from this dataset are shown in *triangles*.

**Fig. 5**
Soil organic matter to soil organic carbon conversion relationships developed by different sources, along with the region, site, or species zone from which these were developed (equations detailed in Table S1). Our conversion equation is a solid *black* line, with prediction intervals in *grey*.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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Global dataset of soil organic carbon in tidal marshes

Affiliations

Global dataset of soil organic carbon in tidal marshes

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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