Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Dec;27(12):7809-7820.
doi: 10.1007/s00784-023-05370-y. Epub 2023 Nov 13.

Characterization of enamel developmental defects in patients with orofacial clefts and their relationship to surgical procedures

Aline Farias  1   2 , Diego Fernando Rojas-Gualdrón  3 , Manuel Restrepo  4 , Karina Gottardello Zecchin  5 , Diego Girotto Bussaneli  6 , Kasandra Yupanqui  6 , Cassio Eduardo Raposo-Amaral  5 , Lourdes Dos Santos-Pinto  6
Affiliations

Characterization of enamel developmental defects in patients with orofacial clefts and their relationship to surgical procedures

Aline Farias et al. Clin Oral Investig. 2023 Dec.

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to characterize the prevalence of development defects of enamel (DDE) in patients with cleft based on the cleft phenotype and explore the relationship between surgical procedures and different types of DDE.

Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 290 standardized orthodontic documentation and medical records from a reference hospital were evaluated, which treated patients with: cleft lip (CL), cleft lip with alveolar bone involvement (CLa), cleft lip and palate (CLP), cleft palate (CP), cleft median (CM), and considering laterality as unilateral or bilateral. DDE was assessed using the Ghanim Index (2015). Information on surgical intervention periods was obtained from medical records. Statistical analyses were performed using prevalence ratio (PR) for DDE comparisons between cleft phenotypes and surgical procedures.

Results: The prevalence of DDE was 77.2%. Demarcated hypomineralization was associated with CP and CLP, while hypoplasia was associated with CLa, especially when bilateral. Hypoplasia was also associated with the labial adhesion surgery.

Conclusion: Demarcated hypomineralization was the most common DDE in this population, and the cleft phenotype influenced the type of DDE manifested. The lip adhesion surgery increased the chances of hypoplasia manifestation.

Clinical relevance: The type of DDE in patients with cleft depends on the cleft phenotype. Understanding this susceptibility enables the multidisciplinary team to monitor dental development, thus allowing early diagnosis and timely referral to the pediatric dentist and better prognoses.

Keywords: Cleft lip; Cleft lip and palate; Cleft palate; Dental enamel hypomineralization; Dental enamel hypoplasia.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Sawh-Martinez R, Steinbacher DM (2019) Syndromic craniosynostosis. Clin Plast Surg 46:141–155 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Van Dyck J, Cadenas de Llano-Pérula M, Willems G, Verdonck A (2019) Dental development in cleft lip and palate patients: a systematic review. Forensic Sci Int 300:63–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03573-1 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Mossey PA, Little J, Munger RG, Dixon MJ, Shaw WC (2009) Cleft lip and palate. Lancet. 374(9703):1773–1785 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bussaneli DG, Vieira AR, Santos-Pinto L, Restrepo M (2022) Molar-incisor hypomineralisation: an updated view for aetiology 20 years later. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 23(1):193–198 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Seow WK (2014) Developmental defects of enamel and dentine: challenges for basic science research and clinical management. Aust Dent J 59(Suppl 1):143–154 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources