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. 2023 Nov 13;13(1):19730.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-46790-w.

Biostimulation of green microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana using nanoparticles of MgO, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, and ZnO for increasing biodiesel production

Maryam Faried  1 , Amany Khalifa  2   3 , Mohamed Samer  4 , Yasser A Attia  2 , Mohamed A Moselhy  5 , Ahmed El-Hussein  2   6 , Rania S Yousef  7 , Khaled Abdelbary  1 , Essam M Abdelsalam  8
Affiliations

Biostimulation of green microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana using nanoparticles of MgO, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, and ZnO for increasing biodiesel production

Maryam Faried et al. Sci Rep. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Microalgae have the potential to become the primary source of biodiesel, catering to a wide range of essential applications such as transportation. This would allow for a significant reduction in dependence on conventional petroleum diesel. This study investigates the effect of biostimulation techniques utilizing nanoparticles of Magnesium oxide MgO, Calcium hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, and Zinc oxide ZnO to enhance the biodiesel production of Chlorella sorokiniana. By enhancing cell activity, these nanoparticles have demonstrated the ability to improve oil production and subsequently increase biodiesel production. Experimentally, each nanomaterial was introduced at a concentration of 15 mg L-1. The results have shown that MgO nanoparticles yielded the highest biodiesel production, with a recorded yield of 61.5 mg L-1. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, on the other hand, facilitated lipid accumulation. ZnO nanoparticles showcased a multifaceted advantage by enhancing both growth and lipid content. Thus, it is suggested that these nanoparticles can be used effectively to increase the lipid content of microalgae. These findings highlight the potential of biostimulation strategies utilizing MgO, hydroxyapatite, and zinc oxide nanoparticles to bolster biodiesel production.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The fresh weight (FW) and the dry weight (DW) of the used biomass in grams for the different treatments (with nanomaterials addition ZnO, MgO, and hydroxyapatite) and the control (without nanomaterials addition).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Fisher test of Moisture and oil content percentage for control, ZnO, MgO, and hydroxyapatite experimental groups.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The impact of using ZnO, MgO, and HAP nanomaterials experimental treated groups specific amino acids expression relative to the control group. It shows 11 different fatty acids which have revealed the variable effects of the used nanomaterials on the expression of those fatty acids.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cell ultrastructure of Chlorella sorokiniana grown in BG11 medium supplemented with nanoparticles (NPs); (a) Control medium, (b) Hydroxyapatite NPs, (c) Magnesium oxide NPs, and (d) Zinc oxide NPs. Ch, chloroplast; L, lipid droplets; N, nucleus; CW, cell wall.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Nanomaterials analysis: (a) SEM of HAP NPs, (b) SEM of MgO NPs, (c) SEM of ZnO NPs, (d) XRD of HAP NPs, (e) XRD of MgO NPs, (f) XRD of ZnO NPs, (g) FTIR of HAP NPs, (h) FTIR of MgO NPs, and (I) FTIR of ZnO NP.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Array of photobioreactors.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Stages of biodiesel production [MS Office PowerPoint 365].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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