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. 2023 Oct 26;16(21):6879.
doi: 10.3390/ma16216879.

Adsorption and Visible Photocatalytic Synergistic Removal of a Cationic Dye with the Composite Material BiVO4/MgAl-LDHs

Yuquan Wang  1   2 , Yidong Xu  2 , Xinjie Cai  1   2 , Jinting Wu  2
Affiliations

Adsorption and Visible Photocatalytic Synergistic Removal of a Cationic Dye with the Composite Material BiVO4/MgAl-LDHs

Yuquan Wang et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

Adsorption and photocatalysis are effective in removing organic pollutants from wastewater. This study is based on the memory effects of MgAl-layered double hydroxides (MgAl-LDHs) after high-temperature calcination. By introducing bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) during the reformation of the layered structure via contact with water, a composite material BiVO4/MgAl-LDHs with enhanced adsorption and visible light catalytic performance was synthesized. The effects of the calcination temperature, ratio, initial methylene blue (MB) concentration, and catalyst dosage on the adsorption and photocatalytic performance were investigated. The BiVO4/MgAl-LDHs showed better photocatalytic performance than the pure BiVO4 and MgAl-LDHs. Under the optimal conditions, the proportion of MB adsorbed in 20 min was 66.1%, and the percentage of MB degraded during 100 min of photolysis was 92.4%. The composite photocatalyst showed good chemical stability and cyclability, and the adsorption-degradation rate was 86% after four cycles. Analyses of the adsorption and photocatalytic mechanisms for the composite material showed that synergistic adsorption and visible light photocatalysis contributed to the excellent catalytic performance of the BiVO4/MgAl-LDHs. A highly adsorbent photocatalytic composite material exhibiting outstanding performance was prepared via a simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method, providing reference information for the removal of organic pollutants from liquids.

Keywords: BiVO4; MgAl–LDHs; adsorption-visible photocatalytic performance; memory effect; organic pollutants.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interest or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram showing the synthesis of BiVO4/MgAl–LDHs.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Calcination products of the MgAl–LDHs formed at different temperatures.
Figure 3
Figure 3
XRD patterns for BiVO4, MgAl–LDHs and BiVO4/ MgAl–LDHs (a) and FTIR spectra of BiVO4/ MgAl–LDHs, MgAl–LDHs and BiVO4 (b).
Figure 4
Figure 4
TEM images of BiVO4 (a), MgAl–LDHs (b), and BiVO4/MgAl–LDHs (c,d); HRTEM images of BiVO4/MgAl–LDHs (e–g); SEM–EDS elemental mapping images of BiVO4/MgAl–LDHs (h–m); and EDS spectrum of BiVO4/MgAl–LDHs (n).
Figure 5
Figure 5
UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra of BiVO4, MgAl–LDHs and BiVO4/MgAl–LDHs (a); photoluminescence spectra of BiVO4, MgAl–LDHs and BiVO4/MgAl–LDHs excited at 260 nm (b); optical band gaps of BiVO4, MgAl–LDHs and BiVO4 (c); Nitrogen sorption isotherms for BiVO4 and the BiVO4/MgAl–LDHs (d).
Figure 6
Figure 6
XPS survey spectra of BiVO4/LDHs, MgAl–LDHs and BiVO4 (a); XPS high–resolution spectra of V 2p (b), C 1s (c), O 1s (d), Bi 4f (e), and Al 2p (f).
Figure 6
Figure 6
XPS survey spectra of BiVO4/LDHs, MgAl–LDHs and BiVO4 (a); XPS high–resolution spectra of V 2p (b), C 1s (c), O 1s (d), Bi 4f (e), and Al 2p (f).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Relationship between the visible light catalytic degradation of MB and irradiation time under different calcination temperatures (a), ratios (b), initial dye concentrations (c), and photocatalyst concentrations (d).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Kinetic fits for visible light catalytic degradation of MB in solution with different calcination temperatures (a), ratios (b), initial dye concentrations (c), and photo–catalyst concentrations (d).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Cycling runs of the photocatalytic degradation of MB over the BiVO4/MgAl–LDHs pho–tocatalyst under visible light illumination.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Relationship between the photocatalytic degradation of MB and irradiation time (a), as well as the MB degradation rates (b) with free radical scavengers.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Adsorption of MB by BiVO4/MgAl-LDHs under dark conditions.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Schematic diagram showing the visible light catalytic degradation of MB by Bi–VO4/MgAl–LDHs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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