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Review
. 2024 Jan;75(1):15-21.
doi: 10.1007/s00105-023-05252-0. Epub 2023 Nov 14.

[Anorectal melanoma : Update on clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment]

[Article in German]
Johanna Matull  1 , Alexander Kreuter  2   3 , Ulrich-Peter Wehry  1 , Alena-Lioba Michalowitz  1
Affiliations
Review

[Anorectal melanoma : Update on clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment]

[Article in German]
Johanna Matull et al. Dermatologie (Heidelb). 2024 Jan.

Abstract
in English, German

Anorectal melanomas are a rare malignant type of cancer and pose a diagnostic challenge due to their hidden anatomical location. They are associated with nonspecific clinical symptoms and are therefore often misinterpreted as benign disease. The result is delayed diagnosis in the locally advanced or metastasized stage and an unfavorable prognosis. Given the overall low incidence of the tumor, no consensus guidelines for diagnosis or therapy are established either internationally or nationally at present. The present work intends to provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical aspects, diagnostics, and therapeutic approaches of anorectal melanoma based on the currently available literature.

Anorektale Melanome zählen zu den seltenen malignen Erkrankungen und stellen aufgrund ihrer verborgenen anatomischen Lage eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Sie sind mit unspezifischen klinischen Symptomen assoziiert und werden daher häufig als benigne Erkrankungen fehlinterpretiert. Verzögerte Diagnosestellung im lokal fortgeschrittenen oder metastasierten Stadium und eine ungünstige Prognose für die betroffenen Patienten sind die Folge. Aufgrund der insgesamt niedrigen Inzidenz anorektaler Melanome existieren bisher keine international oder national anerkannten Leitlinien zur Diagnostik oder Therapie. Die vorliegende Arbeit beabsichtigt, einen Überblick über Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie des anorektalen Melanoms anhand der aktuell verfügbaren Literatur zu geben.

Keywords: Adjuvant radiotherapy; Immunotherapy; Local excision; Mucosal melanoma; Surgical procedures.

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References

Literatur

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