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Review
. 2023 Oct 15;14(10):1463-1477.
doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i10.1463.

Partners in diabetes epidemic: A global perspective

Huan Wang  1   2 , Safoura Akbari-Alavijeh  3   4 , Ranjit S Parhar  5 , Randy Gaugler  3 , Sarwar Hashmi  3   6
Affiliations
Review

Partners in diabetes epidemic: A global perspective

Huan Wang et al. World J Diabetes. .

Abstract

There is a recent increase in the worldwide prevalence of both obesity and diabetes. In this review we assessed insulin signaling, genetics, environment, lipid metabolism dysfunction and mitochondria as the major determinants in diabetes and to identify the potential mechanism of gut microbiota in diabetes diseases. We searched relevant articles, which have key information from laboratory experiments, epidemiological evidence, clinical trials, experimental models, meta-analysis and review articles, in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google scholars and Cochrane Controlled Trial Database. We selected 144 full-length articles that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria for complete assessment. We have briefly discussed these associations, challenges, and the need for further research to manage and treat diabetes more efficiently. Diabetes involves the complex network of physiological dysfunction that can be attributed to insulin signaling, genetics, environment, obesity, mitochondria and stress. In recent years, there are intriguing findings regarding gut microbiome as the important regulator of diabetes. Valid approaches are necessary for speeding medical advances but we should find a solution sooner given the burden of the metabolic disorder - What we need is a collaborative venture that may involve laboratories both in academia and industries for the scientific progress and its application for the diabetes control.

Keywords: Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Endocrinology; Environment; Genes; Gut microbiota; Insulin signaling; Metabolic disorder; Mitochondria; Obesity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A flow chart for article selection criteria.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Factors responsible for Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes incidence. T1D: Type 1 Diabetes; T2D: Type 2 Diabetes.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Genetics-based evidences for diabetes. T2D: Type 2 Diabetes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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