Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Jul 8:3:100027.
doi: 10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100027. eCollection 2022 Sep.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022

Sara Karjoo  1   2   3 , Anthony Auriemma  4 , Teresa Fraker  5 , Harold Edward Bays  6   7
Affiliations

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022

Sara Karjoo et al. Obes Pillars. .

Abstract

Background: This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) provides clinicians an overview of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), potential progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and their application to obesity.

Methods: The scientific information for this CPS is based upon published scientific citations, clinical perspectives of OMA authors, and peer review by the Obesity Medicine Association leadership.

Results: Topics of this CPS include the prevalence of NAFLD and NASH, the prevalence of NAFLD and NASH among patients with obesity, as well as NAFLD and NASH definitions, diagnosis, imaging, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, role of high fructose corn syrup and other simple sugars, and treatment (e.g., nutrition, physical activity, medications).

Conclusions: This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) regarding NAFLD and obesity is one of a series of OMA CPSs designed to assist clinicians in the care of patients with the disease of obesity. Patients with obesity are at increased risk for NAFLD and NASH. Patients may benefit when clinicians who manage obesity understand the etiology, diagnosis, and optimal treatment of NAFLD with a goal to prevent NASH.

Keywords: Adiposopathy; Clinical practice statement; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Obesity; Pre-obesity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
NAFLD Definitions. Shown are the definitions of NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and NASH cirrhosis [24]. NAFLD encompasses the spectrum of fatty liver not related to alcohol consumption: fatty liver, hepatosteatitis, and cirrhosis.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Free fatty acids and NAFLD. An adiposopathic increase in free fatty acids can lead to liver fatty infiltration, which in turn may lead to hepatocyte injury/death, inflammation, and fibrosis/cirrhosis [18,[57], [58], [59], [60], [61]].
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Lipotoxicity and Dyslipidemia. Shown are the relationships between the adiposopathic metabolic consequences of obesity, resulting in fatty liver, lipotoxicity, and dyslipidemia [[49], [50], [51],62].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Bays H.E., McCarthy W., Burridge K., Tondt J., Karjoo S., Christensen S., Ng J., Golden A., Davisson L., Richardson L. Obesity Algorithm eBook, presented by the obesity medicine association. https://obesitymedicine.org/obesity-algorithm/ www.obesityalgorithm.org. 2021.
    1. Bellentani S., Scaglioni F., Marino M., Bedogni G. Epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Dig Dis. 2010;28:155–161. - PubMed
    1. Duell P.B., Welty F.K., Miller M., Chait A., Hammond G., Ahmad Z., et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a scientific statement from the American heart association. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2022;42:e168–e185. - PubMed
    1. Rich N.E., Noureddin M., Kanwal F., Singal A.G. Racial and ethnic disparities in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the USA. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;6:422–424. - PubMed
    1. Li J., Zou B., Yeo Y.H., Feng Y., Xie X., Lee D.H., et al. Prevalence, incidence, and outcome of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Asia, 1999-2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;4:389–398. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources