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Review
. 2023 Dec;61(1):1484-1511.
doi: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2280253. Epub 2023 Nov 22.

Chemical profile of the Anatolian Sideritis species with bioactivity studies

Sema Çarıkçı  1 , Turgut Kılıç  2 , Ahmet C Gören  3 , Tuncay Dirmenci  4 , Gülbahar Özge Alim Toraman  5 , Gülaçtı Topçu  5   6
Affiliations
Review

Chemical profile of the Anatolian Sideritis species with bioactivity studies

Sema Çarıkçı et al. Pharm Biol. 2023 Dec.

Abstract

Context: The genus Sideritis L. (Lamiaceae) is represented by 46 species in Turkey with an 79% endemism ratio, 42 of 46 belonging to the section Empodoclia.

Objective: In this review article, Sideritis species growing in Turkey have been evaluated for phytochemical constituents and biological activities.

Methods: The data for the isolates, components and extracts of the Anatolian Sideritis species and their bioactivity studies were retrieved from the main databases WoS, Scopus and PubMed from 1975 until 31 December 2022.

Results: In this review article, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics and other secondary metabolites isolated from Turkish Sideritis species were reported. Anatolian Sideritis species, which primarily consist of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, were studied in detail. Sideritis plants are represented by 46 species in Turkey, and 25 of them were investigated for their diterpenoids through isolation or LC-MS studies. Most of the diterpenoids of Turkish Sideritis species have ent-kaurene skeleton, among them linearol, siderol, 7-epicandicandiol and sideridiol were found to be the main compounds. Exceptionally, labdane, pimarane and beyerene diterpenoids were only found in a few species. For phenolics and flavonoids, only 12 species were investigated until now, and they were found to be rich in phenylethanoid glycosides and flavonoid glycosides. In terms of activity, most of the species were tested for antioxidant activity, followed by antimicrobial and anti-ulcer/anti-inflammatory activities. Their cytotoxic, enzyme inhibitory, antinociceptive and antistress activities were less frequently studied.

Conclusions: Sideritis species should be considered promising therapeutic agents in the treatment of upper respiratory tract and ulcer/inflammatory diseases.

Keywords: Secondary metabolites; diterpenoids; essential oils; flavonoids; glycosides; iridoids; phenolics.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors have read and approved the final manuscript. There are no conflicts of interest for any author of this paper.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Some Anatolian Sideritis species.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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