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. 2023 Nov 23;23(1):468.
doi: 10.1186/s12890-023-02766-0.

Clinical features and risk factors of plastic bronchitis caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

Lei Yang  1   2 , Yuyan Zhang  1 , Changqing Shen  1 , Zhouhua Lu  1 , Tongshu Hou  3 , Fenghai Niu  1 , Yuzhong Wang  4 , Jun Ning  5 , Ruihan Liu  6   7
Affiliations

Clinical features and risk factors of plastic bronchitis caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

Lei Yang et al. BMC Pulm Med. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: We analyzed the clinical characteristics of children with plastic bronchitis (PB) caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and explored its risk factors.

Methods: We prospectively analyzed clinical data of children with MP pneumonia (MPP) treated with fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB). Patients were classified into a PB and non-PB group. General information, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, results of computed tomography scan, and FB findings were compared between groups. We conducted statistical analysis of risk factors for developing PB.

Results: Of 1169 children who had MPP and were treated with FB, 133 and 1036 were in the PB and non-PB groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in sex, age, and incident season between groups (P > 0.05). The number of children in the PB group decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared with children in the non-PB group, those in the PB group had longer duration of hospitalization, increased levels of neutrophil (N), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST); lower levels of lymphocyte (L) and platelet (PLT); and higher incidence of lack of appetite, decreased breath sounds, single lobar infiltrate, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, mucosal erosion and/or necrosis, and bronchial embolization. L levels and pleural effusion were identified as risk factors in multivariate logistic regression.

Conclusions: Children with PB caused by MPP had a strong and local inflammatory response. L levels and pleural effusion were independent risk factors of PB with MPP in children. Our findings will help clinicians identify potential PB in pediatric patients for early and effective intervention.

Keywords: Children; Clinical features; Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia; Plastic bronchitis; Risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of the study population
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Bronchoscopic and histopathological examination findings. A: BC removed from one of patients in PB group; B: Hematoxylin and eosin examination of BC showed numerous inflammatory necrosis and neutrophils. Bar = 100 μm
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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