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. 2023 Nov 24;13(1):20705.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47906-y.

A population-based study on incidence trends of myeloma in the United States over 2000-2020

Seyed Ehsan Mousavi  1   2 , Mehran Ilaghi  3 , Armin Aslani  4 , Zahra Yekta  5 , Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi  6   7
Affiliations

A population-based study on incidence trends of myeloma in the United States over 2000-2020

Seyed Ehsan Mousavi et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Myeloma is one of the most common types of haematological malignancies. We aimed to investigate the incidence rates of myeloma by sex, race, age, and histological subgroups in the United States (US) over 2000-2020. Data were retrieved from the the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 22 database. The International Classification of Diseases for Oncology version 3 morphological codes 9731, 9732, and 9734 were assigned for solitary plasmacytoma of bone, plasma cell myeloma, and extraosseous plasmacytoma, respectively. Average annual percent change (AAPC) and the pairwise comparison with the parallelism and coincidence were reported. All estimates were reported as counts and age-adjusted incidence rates per 100,000 individuals. Over 2000-2019, most of myeloma cases were among those aged at least 55 years (85.51%), men (54.82%), and non-Hispanic Whites (66.67%). Among different subtypes, plasma cell myeloma with 193,530 cases had the highest frequency over the same period. Also, there was a significant decrease in the age-standardized incidence rate of myeloma across all races/ethnicities in both sexes within all age groups (AAPC: - 8.02; 95% confidence interval (CI): - 10.43 to - 5.61) and those aged < 55 (AAPC: - 8.64; 95% CI - 11.02 to - 6.25) from 2019 to November 2020. The overall trends of myeloma incidence rates were not parallel, nor identical. There was an increase in myeloma incidence in both sexes, with a highly increasing rate, particularly among younger Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black women over 2000-2019. However, a remarkable decline was observed in the incidence rates following the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Age-adjusted incidence rate of myeloma over 2000–2019 and in 2020 in the United States, by histologic type (A), sex (B), race/ethnicity (C), and age (D). APC annual percent change. *Represent p-value less than 0.05.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Age-adjusted incidence rate of myeloma over 2000–2019 and in 2020 in the United States, by histologic type (A), sex (B), race/ethnicity (C), and age (D). APC annual percent change. *Represent p-value less than 0.05.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Delay-adjusted incidence rate of myeloma in the United States among males and females in each age group. Shaded areas are the confidence interval range for the point estimates. Note: Estimates were only provided for those with more than 16 cases.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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