Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Nov 24;23(1):825.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08711-0.

7295 elderly hospitalized patients with catheter-associated urinary tract infection: a case-control study

Li Shen  1   2 , Ting Fu  3 , Luguang Huang  4 , Huiying Sun  1 , Yu Wang  5 , Lili Sun  6 , Xiaoyun Lu  1 , Jing Zhang  1 , Zhaoxu Yang  7 , Chunping Ni  8
Affiliations

7295 elderly hospitalized patients with catheter-associated urinary tract infection: a case-control study

Li Shen et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) ranks second among nosocomial infections in elderly patients after lung infections. Improper treatment can lead to death. This study analysed the risk factors, pathogen distribution, clinical characteristics and outcomes of CAUTI in elderly inpatients with a large sample size to provide evidence for clinical prevention and control.

Methods: Based on the HIS and LIS, a case‒control study was conducted on all hospitalized patients with indwelling urinary catheters ≥ 60 years old from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022, and the patients were divided into the CAUTI group and the non-CAUTI group.

Results: CAUTI occurred in 182 of 7295 patients, and the infection rate was 3.4/per 1000 catheter days. Urine pH ≥ 6.5, moderate dependence or severe dependence in the classification of self-care ability, age ≥ 74 years, male sex, hospitalization ≥ 14 days, indwelling urinary catheter ≥ 10 days, diabetes and malnutrition were independent risk factors for CAUTI (P < 0.05). A total of 276 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in urine samples of 182 CAUTI patients at different times during hospitalization. The main pathogens were gram-negative bacteria (n = 132, 47.83%), followed by gram-positive bacteria (n = 91, 32.97%) and fungi (n = 53, 19.20%). Fever, abnormal procalcitonin, positive urinary nitrite and abnormal urination function were the clinical characteristics of elderly CAUTI patients (P < 0.001). Once CAUTI occurred in elderly patients, the hospitalization days were increased by 18 days, the total hospitalization cost increased by ¥18,000, and discharge all-cause mortality increased by 2.314 times (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The situation of CAUTI in the elderly is not optimistic, it is easy to have a one-person multi-pathogen infection, and the proportion of fungi infection is not low. Urine pH ≥ 6.5, moderate or severe dependence on others and malnutrition were rare risk factors for elderly CAUTI in previous studies. Our study analysed the clinical characteristics of CAUTI in the elderly through a large sample size, which provided a reliable basis for its diagnosis and identified the adverse outcome of CAUTI.

Keywords: Catheter-associated urinary tract Infection; Clinical characteristics; Elderly; Outcomes; Pathogen distribution; Risk factors.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Jiang W. Depression and Cardiovascular disorders in the Elderly. Clin Geriatr Med. 2020;36(2):211–9. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2019.11.003. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Tandogdu Z, Wagenlehner FM. Global epidemiology of urinary tract Infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2016;29(1):73–9. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000228. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Zilberberg MD, Nathanson BH, Sulham K, Shorr AF. Descriptive epidemiology and outcomes of hospitalizations with complicated urinary tract Infections in the United States, 2018. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022;9(1):ofab591. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofab591. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Redder JD, Leth RA, Moller JK. Analysing risk factors for urinary tract Infection based on automated monitoring of hospital-acquired Infection. J Hosp Infect. 2016;92(4):397–400. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2015.12.009. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Detweiler K, Mayers D, Fletcher SG. Bacteruria and urinary tract Infections in the Elderly. Urol Clin North Am. 2015;42(4):561–8. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2015.07.002. - DOI - PubMed

MeSH terms