The Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Roles of NSAIDs in Prostate Cancer

doi:10.3390/cancers15225435

Review

. 2023 Nov 16;15(22):5435.

doi: 10.3390/cancers15225435.

The Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Roles of NSAIDs in Prostate Cancer

Hossein Maghsoudi^{1

2}, Farhad Sheikhnia^{1

2}, Przemysław Sitarek³, Nooshin Hajmalek⁴, Sepideh Hassani², Vahid Rashidi¹, Sadaf Khodagholi⁵, Seyed Mostafa Mir⁶, Faezeh Malekinejad^{1

2}, Fatemeh Kheradmand^{2

7

8}, Mansour Ghorbanpour⁹, Navid Ghasemzadeh², Tomasz Kowalczyk¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 57147-83734, Iran.
² Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 57147-83734, Iran.
³ Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
⁴ Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47176-47754, Iran.
⁵ School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
⁶ Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 49189-36316, Iran.
⁷ Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 57147-83734, Iran.
⁸ Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 57147-83734, Iran.
⁹ Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak 38156-88349, Iran.
¹⁰ Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.

PMID: 38001694
PMCID: PMC10670652
DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225435

Review

The Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Roles of NSAIDs in Prostate Cancer

Hossein Maghsoudi et al. Cancers (Basel). 2023.

. 2023 Nov 16;15(22):5435.

doi: 10.3390/cancers15225435.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 57147-83734, Iran.
² Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 57147-83734, Iran.
³ Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
⁴ Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 47176-47754, Iran.
⁵ School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
⁶ Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 49189-36316, Iran.
⁷ Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 57147-83734, Iran.
⁸ Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 57147-83734, Iran.
⁹ Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak 38156-88349, Iran.
¹⁰ Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.

PMID: 38001694
PMCID: PMC10670652
DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225435

Abstract

Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common type of cancer and the leading cause of death among men worldwide. Preventing the progression of cancer after treatments such as radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy is a major concern faced by prostate cancer patients. Inflammation, which can be caused by various factors such as infections, the microbiome, obesity and a high-fat diet, is considered to be the main cause of PC. Inflammatory cells are believed to play a crucial role in tumor progression. Therefore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs along with their effects on the treatment of inflammation-related diseases, can prevent cancer and its progression by suppressing various inflammatory pathways. Recent evidence shows that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are effective in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. In this review, we discuss the different pathways through which these drugs exert their potential preventive and therapeutic effects on prostate cancer.

Keywords: NSAID; inflammation; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; prostate cancer.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Classification of NSAIDs based on chemical structure and mechanism of action.

**Figure 2**
Schematic representation of the mechanisms of action of different NSAIDs in prostate cancer.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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[1] Siegel R., Miller K., Jemal A. Cancer statistics. 2020 CA Cancer J. Clin. Am. Cancer Soc. 2020;70:7–30. - PubMed

[2] Siegel R., Miller K., Jemal A. Cancer statistics. 2020 CA Cancer J. Clin. Am. Cancer Soc. 2020;70:7–30. - PubMed

[3] Virtanen V., Paunu K., Ahlskog J.K., Varnai R., Sipeky C., Sundvall M. PARP inhibitors in prostate cancer–the preclinical rationale and current clinical development. Genes. 2019;10:565. doi: 10.3390/genes10080565. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Virtanen V., Paunu K., Ahlskog J.K., Varnai R., Sipeky C., Sundvall M. PARP inhibitors in prostate cancer–the preclinical rationale and current clinical development. Genes. 2019;10:565. doi: 10.3390/genes10080565. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Sung H., Ferlay J., Siegel R.L., Laversanne M., Soerjomataram I., Jemal A., Bray F., Bsc M.F.B., Me J.F., Soerjomataram M.I., et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA A Cancer J. Clin. 2021;71:209–249. doi: 10.3322/caac.21660. - DOI - PubMed

[6] Sung H., Ferlay J., Siegel R.L., Laversanne M., Soerjomataram I., Jemal A., Bray F., Bsc M.F.B., Me J.F., Soerjomataram M.I., et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA A Cancer J. Clin. 2021;71:209–249. doi: 10.3322/caac.21660. - DOI - PubMed

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[8] Giri V.N., Beebe-Dimmer J.L., editors. Familial Prostate Cancer. Seminars in Oncology. Elsevier; Amsterdam, The Netherlands: 2016. - PMC - PubMed

[9] De Carlo F., Celestino F., Verri C., Masedu F., Liberati E., Di Stasi S.M. Retropubic, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: Surgical, oncological, and functional outcomes: A systematic review. Urol. Int. 2014;93:373–383. doi: 10.1159/000366008. - DOI - PubMed

[10] De Carlo F., Celestino F., Verri C., Masedu F., Liberati E., Di Stasi S.M. Retropubic, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: Surgical, oncological, and functional outcomes: A systematic review. Urol. Int. 2014;93:373–383. doi: 10.1159/000366008. - DOI - PubMed

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The Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Roles of NSAIDs in Prostate Cancer

Affiliations

The Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Roles of NSAIDs in Prostate Cancer

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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