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. 2023 Oct 26;12(11):1916.
doi: 10.3390/antiox12111916.

Effect of Particulate Matter 2.5 on Fetal Growth in Male and Preterm Infants through Oxidative Stress

Sunwha Park  1 , Eunjin Kwon  2 , Gain Lee  3 , Young-Ah You  1 , Soo Min Kim  3 , Young Min Hur  1 , Sooyoung Jung  1 , Yongho Jee  4 , Mi Hye Park  5 , Sung Hun Na  6 , Young-Han Kim  7 , Geum Joon Cho  8 , Jin-Gon Bae  9 , Soo-Jeong Lee  10 , Sun Hwa Lee  11 , Young Ju Kim  1   3
Affiliations

Effect of Particulate Matter 2.5 on Fetal Growth in Male and Preterm Infants through Oxidative Stress

Sunwha Park et al. Antioxidants (Basel). .

Erratum in

Abstract

Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) levels are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. In this retrospective cohort study, we examined whether the concentration of indoor PM2.5 affected pregnancy outcomes. Additionally, we evaluated biomarkers of pregnancy-related complications caused by fine dust. We collected clinical information and data based on residential addresses from the Air Korea database to assess PM2.5 exposure levels. As a multicenter prospective cohort study, we measured the indoor PM2.5 concentration and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. The PM2.5 concentration of the low-birth-weight (LBW) delivery group was 27.21 μg/m3, which was significantly higher than that of the normal-birth-weight (NBW) group (26.23 μg/m3) (p = 0.02). When the newborns were divided by sex, the PM2.5 concentration of the LBW group was 27.89 μg/m3 in male infants, which was significantly higher than that of the NBW group (26.26 μg/m3) (p = 0.01). In the prospective study, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine significantly increased in the high-concentration group (113.55 ng/mL, compared with 92.20 ng/mL in the low-concentration group); in the high-concentration group, the rates of preterm birth (PTB) and small size for gestational age significantly increased (p < 0.01, p = 0.01). This study showed an association between PM2.5, oxidative stress, and fetal growth, with the PTB group being more vulnerable.

Keywords: 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine; biomarker; indoor air; low birth weight; particulate matter; preterm birth; sex difference; small for gestational age.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study flow chart of Cohorts I (a) and II (b).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation analysis between (a) indoor and outdoor PM2.5, and (b) indoor PM2.5 and 8-OHdG. 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine; PM2.5, particulate matter 2.5.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pregnancy complications in the PM2.5 concentration group. GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; IUGR, intrauterine growth restriction; LGA, large for gestational age; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; PIH, pregnancy-induced hypertension; PM2.5, particulate matter 2.5; SGA, small for gestational age. * p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
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