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. 2023 Nov 10;12(22):7037.
doi: 10.3390/jcm12227037.

Impact of the Body Composition on Knee Osteoarthritis Assessed Using Bioimpedance Analysis

Jaromir Jarecki  1 , Bartosz Potoczniak  2 , Artur Dziedzic  3 , Teresa Małecka-Masalska  4 , Tomasz Skrzypek  5 , Waldemar Kazimierczak  5 , Marcin Skowronek  5 , Magdalena Wójciak  6 , Sławomir Dresler  6   7 , Marcin Waśko  8 , Ireneusz Sowa  6
Affiliations

Impact of the Body Composition on Knee Osteoarthritis Assessed Using Bioimpedance Analysis

Jaromir Jarecki et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) ranks among the most prevalent inflammatory diseases affecting the musculoskeletal system and is a leading cause of disability globally, impacting approximately 250 million individuals. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the severity of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and body composition in postmenopausal women using bioimpedance analysis (BIA). The study included 58 postmenopausal females who were candidates for total knee arthroplasty. The control group consisted of 25 postmenopausal individuals with no degenerative knee joint changes. The anthropometric analysis encompassed the body mass index (BMI), mid-arm and mid-thigh circumferences (MAC and MTC), and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF). Functional performance was evaluated using the 30 s sit-to-stand test. During the BIA test, electrical parameters such as membrane potential, electrical resistance, capacitive reactance, impedance, and phase angle were measured. Additionally, body composition parameters, including Total Body Water (TBW), Extracellular Water (ECW), Intracellular Water (ICW), Body Cellular Mass (BCM), Extracellular Mass (ECM), Fat-Free Mass (FFM), and Fat Mass (FM), were examined. The study did not find any statistically significant differences in the electrical parameters between the control (0-1 grade on the K-L scale) and study groups (3-4 grade on the K-L scale). However, statistically significant differences were observed in BMI, fat mass (FM), arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, and sit-to-stand test results between the analyzed groups. In conclusion, the association between overweight and obesity with KOA in postmenopausal women appears to be primarily related to the level of adipose tissue and its metabolic activity.

Keywords: bioimpedance analysis; knee; osteoarthritis; postmenopausal females.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Standard electrode application sites on the hand, wrist, foot, and ankle in the tetrapolar system.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Grades of degenerative changes on the Kellgren-Lawrence scale: 0—none, 1—doubtful, 2—minimal, 3—moderate, 4—severe.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) body weight in the patient groups; (b) height in the patient groups; (c) BMI in the patient groups; (d) 30 s sit-to-stand test; (e) right triceps skin fold; (f) left triceps skin fold; (g) right arm circumference; (h) left arm circumference; (i) right thigh circumference; (j) left thigh circumference. Control: patients with 0–1 grade on the K–L scale; KOA: patients with 3–4 grade on the K–L scale.
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