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Review
. 2023 Nov 20;12(22):7196.
doi: 10.3390/jcm12227196.

Trend of Outcome Metrics in Recent Out-of-Hospital-Cardiac-Arrest Research: A Narrative Review of Clinical Trials

Natalie N Htet  1 , Daniel Jafari  2   3 , Jennifer A Walker  4   5 , Ali Pourmand  6 , Anna Shaw  7 , Khai Dinh  7 , Quincy K Tran  7   8   9
Affiliations
Review

Trend of Outcome Metrics in Recent Out-of-Hospital-Cardiac-Arrest Research: A Narrative Review of Clinical Trials

Natalie N Htet et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) research traditionally focuses on survival. In 2018, the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) proposed more patient-centered outcomes. Our narrative review assessed clinical trials after 2018 to identify the trends of outcome metrics in the field OHCA research. We performed a search of the PubMed database from 1 January 2019 to 22 September 2023. Prospective clinical trials involving adult humans were eligible. Studies that did not report any patient-related outcomes or were not available in full-text or English language were excluded. The articles were assessed for demographic information and primary and secondary outcomes. We included 89 studies for analysis. For the primary outcome, 31 (35%) studies assessed neurocognitive functions, and 27 (30%) used survival. For secondary outcomes, neurocognitive function was present in 20 (22%) studies, and survival was present in 10 (11%) studies. Twenty-six (29%) studies used both survival and neurocognitive function. Since the publication of the COSCA guidelines in 2018, there has been an increased focus on neurologic outcomes. Although survival outcomes are used frequently, we observed a trend toward fewer studies with ROSC as a primary outcome. There were no quality-of-life assessments, suggesting a need for more studies with patient-centered outcomes that can inform the guidelines for cardiac-arrest management.

Keywords: cardiac arrest; intervention; outcome; patient-related outcome.

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Conflict of interest statement

Jafari received research grants from the Zoll Foundation and from Theravance Biopharma. All the other authors do not report any conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Trend of outcomes among publications involving patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest being included in this review. (A) Percentages of different categories of primary outcome, among the analyzed publications. (B) Percentages of different categories of all secondary outcomes, among the analyzed publications. (C) Percentages of different categories of primary outcome, in each year from 2019 to 2023. (D) Percentages of different categories of secondary outcome, in each year from 2019 to 2023.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Trend of primary outcome (A) and secondary outcome (B) measurements according to types of study designs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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