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Review
. 2023 Nov 8;24(22):16095.
doi: 10.3390/ijms242216095.

Inflammation and Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review

Alessandra-Mădălina Man  1 , Meda Sandra Orăsan  2 , Oana-Alina Hoteiuc  1 , Maria-Cristina Olănescu-Vaida-Voevod  1 , Teodora Mocan  1   3
Affiliations
Review

Inflammation and Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review

Alessandra-Mădălina Man et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease with a strong genetic component that brings many challenges to sick individuals, such as chronic illness, and which has multiple associated comorbidities like cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and psychological disorders. Understanding the interplay between the innate and adaptative immune system has led to the discovery of specific cytokine circuits (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-23, IL-17), which has allowed scientists to discover new biomarkers that can be used as predictors of treatment response and pave the way for personalized treatments. In this review, we describe the footprint psoriasis leaves on the skin and beyond, key pathophysiological mechanisms, current available therapeutic options, and drawbacks faced by existing therapies, and we anticipate potential future perspectives that may improve the quality of life of affected individuals.

Keywords: IL-17; IL-23; TNF-α; biologics; biomarkers; nanotechnology; psoriasis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Overview of psoriasis molecular pathogenesis and targeted therapies.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The molecular pathways involved in the link between psoriasis and its comorbidities. Continuous red arrows show the Odds Ratio (OR) for developing different comorbidities in a patient with psoriasis; discontinuous red arrows connect all these conditions with atherosclerosis (↑ increased, ↓ decreased).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Psoriatic march. Continuous gray arrows show the chronology of events ultimately leading to heart attack or brain stroke (↑ increased, ↓ decreased).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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