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Review
. 2023 Nov 15;24(22):16357.
doi: 10.3390/ijms242216357.

An Overview of Recent Developments in the Management of Burn Injuries

Elżbieta Radzikowska-Büchner  1 , Inga Łopuszyńska  1 , Wojciech Flieger  2 , Michał Tobiasz  3 , Ryszard Maciejewski  4 , Jolanta Flieger  5
Affiliations
Review

An Overview of Recent Developments in the Management of Burn Injuries

Elżbieta Radzikowska-Büchner et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 11 million people suffer from burns every year, and 180,000 die from them. A burn is a condition in which heat, chemical substances, an electrical current or other factors cause tissue damage. Burns mainly affect the skin, but can also affect deeper tissues such as bones or muscles. When burned, the skin loses its main functions, such as protection from the external environment, pathogens, evaporation and heat loss. Depending on the stage of the burn, the patient's condition and the cause of the burn, we need to choose the most appropriate treatment. Personalization and multidisciplinary collaboration are key to the successful management of burn patients. In this comprehensive review, we have collected and discussed the available treatment options, focusing on recent advances in topical treatments, wound cleansing, dressings, skin grafting, nutrition, pain and scar tissue management.

Keywords: burn care; burn injuries; dressing; regenerative medicine; skin grafts; skin tissue engineering.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The systemic changes caused by burns that exceed 30% of TBSA. Abbreviations: glomerular filtration rate (GFR), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), growth hormone (GH), interleukin 1, 6, 8, 18 (IL-1, -6, -8, -18), and total body surface area (TBSA).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The physiological functions of the human skin.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The areas of the skin that are at different distances from the damaging agent.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Selected criteria to support the decision to admit a patient to a specialized burn unit (age and %TBSA).
Figure 5
Figure 5
The guidelines of pain management.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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