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. 2023 Nov 20;24(22):16512.
doi: 10.3390/ijms242216512.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Jacobaea maritima and the Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities

Affiliations

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Jacobaea maritima and the Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities

Amal A Althubiti et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Much attention has been gained on green silver nanoparticles (green-AgNPs) in the medical field due to their remarkable effects against multi-drug resistant (MDR) microorganisms and targeted cancer treatment. In the current study, we demonstrated a simple and environment-friendly (i.e., green) AgNP synthesis utilizing Jacobaea maritima aqueous leaf extract. This leaf is well-known for its medicinal properties and acts as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Nanoparticle preparation with the desired size and shape was controlled by distinct parameters; for instance, temperature, extract concentration of salt, and pH. The characterization of biosynthesized AgNPs was performed by the UV-spectroscopy technique, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared. The successful formation of AgNPs was confirmed by a surface plasmon resonance at 422 nm using UV-visible spectroscopy and color change observation with a particle size of 37± 10 nm and a zeta potential of -10.9 ± 2.3 mV. SEM further confirmed the spherical size and shape of AgNPs with a size varying from 28 to 52 nm. Antibacterial activity of the AgNPs was confirmed against all Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial reference and MDR strains that were used in different inhibitory rates, and the highest effect was on the E-coli reference strain (MIC = 25 μg/mL). The anticancer study of AgNPs exhibited an IC50 of 1.37 μg/mL and 1.98 μg/mL against MCF-7 (breast cancer cells) and A549 (lung cancer cells), respectively. Therefore, this green synthesis of AgNPs could have a potential clinical application, and further in vivo study is required to assess their safety and efficacy.

Keywords: Jacobaea maritima; antibacterial; anticancer; green synthesis; silver nanoparticles.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The color of Jacobaea maritima extract (right) and biosynthesized AgNPs (left).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The UV absorbance peak of Jacobaea maritima leaf extract and biosynthesized AgNPs were shown at wavelengths of 323 nm and 422 nm (blue arrows), respectively.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SEM image at 37,000 magnifications showing the spherical shape of AgNPs and a size range between 28 nm and 52 nm.
Figure 4
Figure 4
FTIR spectra of Jacobaea maritima and biosynthesized AgNPs in the wavelength range of 4000–400 cm−1 showing the functional groups within the extract responsible for a reduction in Ag+ to NPs. The blue arrows represent the distinctive peaks.
Figure 5
Figure 5
XRD of biosynthesized AgNPs confirms the crystalline nature of NPs.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Cell viability of biosynthesized AgNPs and Jacobaea maritima leaf extract on (A) MCF-7 and (B) A-549 after 24 h of exposure to the cells. These data are the MTS assay results, which are expressed as cellular viability (%) and presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Jacobaea maritima leaves.

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