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. 2023 Oct 26;13(11):1539.
doi: 10.3390/jpm13111539.

CMV and HIV Coinfection in Women from a Region in Eastern Europe

Stela Halichidis  1   2 , Mariana Aschie  2   3   4 , Georgeta Camelia Cozaru  3   4 , Mihaela Manea  4 , Nicolae Dobrin  2   4 , Sabina E Vlad  4 , Elena Matei  4 , Gabriela Izabela Baltatescu  3   4 , Anca Florentina Mitroi  3   4 , Mihai Catalin Rosu  4 , Bogdan Florentin Nitu  1   5 , Ghiulendan Resul  1   4 , Anca Antonela Nicolau  3   4 , Ana Maria Cretu  3   4 , Anca Chisoi  3   4   5
Affiliations

CMV and HIV Coinfection in Women from a Region in Eastern Europe

Stela Halichidis et al. J Pers Med. .

Abstract

(1) Background: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most frequent opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients. Romania has one of the highest incidences of patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which determines an immunosuppressive state. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of CMV infection among women living with HIV in Southeastern Romania and also to evaluate and correlate antiretroviral therapy (ART) with CD4 level and CMV disease evolution. (2) Methods: Seventy women living with HIV from Southeastern Romania were screened for CMV infection using antigen quantification. Of these, 50 were included in the study. First, the patients filled out a questionnaire regarding social conditions and other associated diseases. Then, we explored the statistical correlations between the data and HIV status, CD4+ cell counts, viral load, and antiretroviral therapy (ART). (3) Results: Median age of the patients was 33 years. Twenty-nine cases were diagnosed with HIV after sexual life beginning and 21 before. Most of the patients had a CD4 level over 200 cells/µL. ART duration in the CD4 under 200 cells/µL group was a bit longer than that in the CD4 over 200 cells/µL group. Forty-one patients had undetectable viremia. CD4 average value in the lot of patients with undetectable viremia was 704.71 cells/µL and in the lot with detectable viremia was 452.44 cells/µL. Viremia values correlated negatively with CD4 level. A positive correlation between IgG CMV values and ART therapy length was identified. A negative significant correlation between values of IgG CMV and values of CD4 was identified. CD4 value correlated negatively with IgG CMV values and with CMV avidity. (4) Conclusions: IgG CMV values had a weak positive correlation with ART therapy length, and a negative statistically significant correlation with values of CD4. CMV avidity has a negative correlation with CD4 value.

Keywords: CD4; IgG; antiretroviral therapy; coinfection; human cytomegalovirus; with human immunodeficiency virus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The all authors of the manuscript declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Age at sexual life debut and number of sexual partners declared by patients according to the rural or urban provenance.
Figure 2
Figure 2
HIV infection period length and ART duration in rural and urban area: (A) Rural area—HIV infection and ART duration (SD values are 6.74 for HIV infection duration and 6.46 for ART duration). (B) Urban area—HIV infection and ART duration (SD values are 8.83 for HIV infection period length and 6.34 for ART duration).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Percentage of CMV avidity (full line) and CD4 cells/microliters (dotted line) showing a negative correlation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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