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. 2023 Oct 29;15(11):2551.
doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112551.

Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Capparis cartilaginea Decne Extract: Insights into Characterization and Antigenotoxicity In Vivo

Asmaa S Salman  1   2 , Shaza N Alkhatib  1 , Fatimah M Ahmed  1 , Ragaa A Hamouda  1   3
Affiliations

Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Capparis cartilaginea Decne Extract: Insights into Characterization and Antigenotoxicity In Vivo

Asmaa S Salman et al. Pharmaceutics. .

Abstract

Plant-based foods may enhance the prevention of cancer. The present investigation aimed to assess the antigenotoxic effects of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) when loaded with the ethanol extract of C. cartilaginea (CNPs/Cc). Synthesis of CNPs and CNPs/Cc and their characterization were carried out using TEM, EDS, DSC, and Zeta potential. For in vivo experiments, animal groups were treated in the following groups: negative control, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) (240 mg/kg), CNPs (350 mg/kg), high and low doses of CNPs/Cc, CNPs plus EMS, high dose of CNPs/Cc plus EMS, and low dose of CNPs/Cc plus EMS. Bone marrow chromosomal aberrations and sperm shape abnormalities were examined. TEM results showed that CNPs and CNPs/Cc are spherical particles. CNPs' physical stability was observed to be lower than that of CNPs/Cc due to the presence of more positive charges on CNPs/Cc. EMS significantly enhanced chromosomal abnormalities and sperm shape abnormalities. CNPs showed powerful antigenotoxic properties. For the first time, it could be concluded that loading chitosan nanoparticles with C. cartilaginea extract significantly promotes its protective properties.

Keywords: Capparis cartilaginea; chitosan; genotoxicity; nanoparticles; sperm.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of the CNP synthesis process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic representation of the CNP/Cc synthesis process.
Figure 3
Figure 3
FTIR spectroscopy of C. cartilaginea (a), CNPs (b), and CNPs/Cc (c).
Figure 4
Figure 4
GC–MS analysis of ethanol extracts of C. cartilaginea plant.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Zeta potential of CNPs/Cc (a) and CNPs (b).
Figure 6
Figure 6
TEM image of CNPs (a) and CNPs/Cc (b).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrophotometry analysis of CNPs (a) and CNPs/Cc (b).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrophotometry analysis of CNPs (a) and CNPs/Cc (b).
Figure 8
Figure 8
DSC of CNPs (a) and CNPs/Cc (b).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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