Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Campylobacter Species Contamination in Poultry, Meat, and Processing Environments in South Korea

Abstract

Campylobacter spp. constitute a significant global threat as a leading cause of foodborne illnesses, with poultry meat as a prominent reservoir for these pathogens. South Korea is known for its diverse poultry consumption habits, and continuous outbreaks make it a matter of concern to perform a meta-analysis to identify the primary source of contamination. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess and compare the prevalence of Campylobacter in various poultry and meat types while also considering the importance of environmental factors in South Korea. The meta-analysis revealed that duck meat exhibited the highest prevalence of Campylobacter, with a pooled estimate of 70.46% (95% CI: 42.80% to 88.38%), followed by chicken meat at a pooled prevalence of 36.17% (95% CI: 26.44% to 47.91%). Additionally, our analysis highlighted the predominance of C. jejuni and C. coli in South Korea. These findings underscore the importance of implementing rigorous food safety measures and establishing robust surveillance programs in the poultry industry to mitigate the risk of Campylobacter-related foodborne illnesses associated with meat consumption in South Korea.

Keywords: Campylobacter coli; Campylobacter jejuni; cross-contamination; foodborne-pathogens; prevalence.

Figure 3

Forest plot of each food type for the prevalence of Campylobacter in South Korea: (A) chicken, (B) duck, (C) pork, and (D) beef [3,31,32,34,35,39,41,42,43,46,47,48,49,50,52,53,54,57,59,60].

Figure 1

Flowchart of the study selection process followed by a PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for systematic reviews.

Figure 2

Forest plot of the overall study for the prevalence of Campylobacter in South Korea [23,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60].

Figure 4

Forest plot of prevalence of Campylobacter considering environmental factors and processing environments in South Korea: (A) feces, (B) equipment, (C) wash water [32,33,36,37,40,41,45,51,58].