[Hemolytic anemia in a two-year-old child: A case of multiple red blood cell abnormalities]

Abstract

The discovery of hemolytic anemia requires a meticulous investigation to determine its etiology. Among patients of African origin, it is not uncommon to find multiple constitutional red blood cell abnormalities, which can complicate diagnosis. We herein describe the case of a two-year-old child presenting with acute hemolytic anemia. A G6PD deficiency, hereditary spherocytosis, and a sickle cell trait A/S were simultaneously identified, all within the context of a primary infection with Parvovirus B19. This virus commonly triggers acute anemia in children exhibiting constitutional red blood cell abnormalities and need to be considered in such cases.

Keywords: G6PD deficiency; Parvovirus B19; hematology; hemolytic anemia; hereditary spherocytosis.