Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Nov 1;24(11):3673-3684.
doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.11.3673.

Antiproliferative and Apoptosis Effects of Hybrid Varieties of Vitis vinifera L. Sweet Sapphire and Sweet Surprise on Human Prostate Cancer Cells Using In Vitro and In Silico Approaches

Marta Angela De Almeida Sousa Cruz  1 , Gabriela De Freitas Laiber Pascoal  2 , Maria Eduarda De Souza Jacintho  3 , Maria Luisa Barambo Wagner  4 , Pedro Paulo Saldanha Coimbra  1 , Carlos Fernando Araujo-Lima  1   5 , Antonio Palumbo Junior  4 , Anderson Junger Teodoro  6
Affiliations

Antiproliferative and Apoptosis Effects of Hybrid Varieties of Vitis vinifera L. Sweet Sapphire and Sweet Surprise on Human Prostate Cancer Cells Using In Vitro and In Silico Approaches

Marta Angela De Almeida Sousa Cruz et al. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. .

Abstract

Objective: Grape hybrids are characterized by different chemical compositions; often with high hybrids are characterized by different chemical compositions, often with a high phenolic content and a specific profile of anthocyanins. The aim of study was to characterize the constituents of hybrid Vitis vinifera L. varieties Sweet Sapphire (SA) and Sweet Surprise (SU) extracts and their influence on apoptosis induction and antiproliferative effects on human prostate cancer cells.

Methods: We used the MTT assay to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of extracts of SA and SU, on the prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines PC-3 and DU-145. To analyze the inhibiting impact by flow cytometry, used 24 and 48 hours. Anthocyanins were quantified by liquid chromatography and analysed by their absorption rate, hepatotoxicity, blood concentration, blood-brain barrier passage ability and maximum recommended dose by in silico approaches.

Results: Our results showed that malvidin derivatives present the highest content in both cultivars. We identified 14.46mg/100g malvidin-3-O-glycoside in SA and 2.76 mg/100 g in SU. A reduction in cell viability of DU-145 (45 and 65%) and PC-3 (63 and 67%) cells after 48h treatment with SA and SU, respectively, was found via MTT assay. Flow cytometry showed that the treatment with extracts from SA and SU had an inhibitory impact on cell development due to G2/M arrest and caused a rise in apoptotic cells compared to control group. None of the anthocyanin presented hepatotoxicity as well as blood-brain barrier passage ability. Peonidin 3-O-glucoside had the lower maximum recommended dose as well as the highest intestinal absorption rate. However, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside had the highest blood concentration values.

Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the potential of hybrid Vitis vinifera L. varieties as an important source of natural antioxidants and their protective effect against prostate cancer cells as well as elucidate in part their anthocyanin's metabolism.

Keywords: Anthocyanins; Antioxidant; cancer; grape; hybrid.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Total Phenolic Compounds and Total Anthocyanins Present in the Cultivars Sweet Sapphire (SA) and Sweet Surprise (SU)
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of Treatment of Sweet Sapphire (SA) and Sweet Surprise (SU) Extracts under the Viability of DU-145 Prostate Cancer Cells after 24h ((A), (B), and 48h ((C)., (D) and (F)) of incubation. (p< 0.05). CT – control
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of Treatment of Sweet Sapphire (SA) and Sweet Surprise (SU) Extracts under the Viability of PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells after 24h ((A), (B), and E) and 48h ((C)., (D) and (F)) of incubation. (p< 0.05). CT – control
Figure 4
Figure 4
Apoptosis Induction in 48h in DU-145. Control Cells (CT) and cells treated with grape extracts of SA (Sweet Saphire) e SU (Sweet Surprise) (500 µg/mL) and (1000 µg/mL). The top-down quadrants clockwise: initial apoptosis (Annexin V+ PI-), late apoptosis (Annexin V+ PI+), non-apoptotic death (Annexin V- PI+) and viable cells (Annexin- PI-)
Figure 5
Figure 5
Apoptosis Induction in 48h in PC-3. Control Cells (CT) and cells treated with grape extracts of SA (Sweet Saphire) e SU (Sweet Surprise) (500 µg/mL) and (1000 µg/mL). The top-down quadrants clockwise: initial apoptosis (Annexin V+ PI-), late apoptosis (Annexin V+ PI+), non-apoptotic death (Annexin V- PI+) and viable cells (Annexin- PI-)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Abe LT, Da Mota RV, Lajolo FM, Genovese MI. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of grape cultivars Vitis labrusca L and Vitis vinifera L. Food Sci Technol. 2007;27:394–400.
    1. Agarwal C, Sharma Y, Agarwal R. Anticarcinogenic Effect of a Polyphenolic Fraction Isolated from Grape Seeds in Human Prostate Carcinoma DU145 Cells: Modulation of Mitogenic Signaling and Cell-Cycle Regulators and Induction of G1 Arrest and Apoptosis. Mol Carcinogenesis. 2000;28:129–38. - PubMed
    1. Albuquerque BR, Pinela J, Barros L, Oliveira MBPP, Ferreira ICFR. Anthocyanin-rich extract of jabuticaba epicarp as a natural colorant: Optimization of heat- and ultrasound-assisted extractions and application in a bakery product. Food Chem. 2020;30:316–364. - PubMed
    1. Balík J, Kumšta M, Rop O. Comparison of anthocyanins present in grapes of L varieties and interspecific hybrids grown in the Czech Republic. Chem Papers. 2013;67:1285–92.
    1. Basli A, Belkacem N, Amrani I. Health benefits of phenolic compounds against cancers. Phenolic compounds–Biological activity. London, UK: IntechOpen ; 2017. pp. 193–210.