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Observational Study
. 2023 Jan-Dec;65(1):e15690.
doi: 10.1111/ped.15690.

Epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

David Chun-Ern Ng  1 , Chuin-Hen Liew  2 , Kah Kee Tan  3 , Hui Yi Lim  1 , Nur Emylia Binti Zailanalhuddin  1 , Shir Fong Tan  1 , Vishnu Arvindran A/L Chandra Mohan  1 , Sindu A/P Mahendran  1 , Yuong Chie Tan  2 , Ling Chin  1 , Song-Quan Ong  4 , Caroline Siew Yin Eng  1
Affiliations
Observational Study

Epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

David Chun-Ern Ng et al. Pediatr Int. 2023 Jan-Dec.

Abstract

Background: We describe the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) among children from Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Methods: A retrospective, multicentre, observational study was performed among children ≤15 years old who were hospitalized for MIS-C between January 18, 2021 and June 30, 2023. The incidence of MIS-C was estimated using reported SARS-CoV-2 cases and census population data. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize the clinical presentation and outcomes.

Results: The study included 53 patients with a median age of 5.7 years (IQR 1.8-8.7 years); 75.5% were males. The overall incidence of MIS-C was approximately 5.9 cases per 1,000,000 person-months. Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission was required for 22 (41.5%) patients. No mortalities were recorded. Children aged 6-12 years were more likely to present with cardiac dysfunction/shock (odds ratio [OR] 5.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.67-17.66), whereas children below 6 years were more likely to present with a Kawasaki disease phenotype (OR 5.50, 95% CI 1.33-22.75). Twenty patients (37.7%) presented with involvement of at least four organ systems, but four patients (7.5%) demonstrated single-organ system involvement.

Conclusion: An age-based variation in the clinical presentation of MIS-C was demonstrated. Our findings suggest MIS-C could manifest in a spectrum, including single-organ involvement. Despite the high requirement for PICU admission, the prognosis of MIS-C was favorable, with no recorded mortalities.

Keywords: MIS-C; clinical features; incidence; outcomes.

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References

REFERENCES

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