Standardizing nomenclature in regional anesthesia: an ASRA-ESRA Delphi consensus study of upper and lower limb nerve blocks

Kariem El-Boghdadly¹, Eric Albrecht^{2

3}, Morné Wolmarans⁴, Edward R Mariano^{5

6}, Sandra Kopp⁷, Anahi Perlas⁸, Athmaja Thottungal⁸, Jeff Gadsden⁸, Serkan Tulgar⁹, Sanjib Adhikary¹⁰, Jose Aguirre¹¹, Anne M R Agur¹², Başak Altıparmak¹³, Michael J Barrington¹⁴, Nigel Bedforth¹⁵, Rafael Blanco¹⁶, Sébastien Bloc¹⁷, Karen Boretsky¹⁸, James Bowness^{19

20

21}, Margaretha Breebaart^{22

23}, David Burckett-St Laurent²⁴, Brendan Carvalho²⁵, Jacques E Chelly²⁶, Ki Jinn Chin⁸, Alwin Chuan^{27

28}, Steve Coppens²⁹, Ioana Costache³⁰, Mette Dam³¹, Matthias Desmet³², Shalini Dhir³³, Christian Egeler³⁴, Hesham Elsharkawy³⁵, Thomas Fichtner Bendtsen³⁶, Ben Fox³⁷, Carlo D Franco³⁸, Philippe Emmanuel Gautier³⁹, Stuart Alan Grant⁴⁰, Sina Grape⁴¹, Carrie Guheen⁴², Monica W Harbell⁴³, Peter Hebbard⁴⁴, Nadia Hernandez⁴⁵, Rosemary M G Hogg⁴⁶, Margaret Holtz⁴⁷, Barys Ihnatsenka⁴⁸, Brian M Ilfeld^{49

50}, Vivian H Y Ip⁵¹, Rebecca L Johnson⁵², Hari Kalagara⁵³, Paul Kessler⁵⁴, M Kwesi Kwofie⁵⁵, Linda Le-Wendling⁵⁶, Philipp Lirk^{57

58}, Clara Lobo⁵⁹, Danielle Ludwin⁶⁰, Alan James Robert Macfarlane^{61

62}, Alexandros Makris⁶³, Colin McCartney⁶⁴, John McDonnell⁶⁵, Graeme A McLeod^{66

67}, Stavros G Memtsoudis⁶⁸, Peter Merjavy⁶⁹, E M Louise Moran⁷⁰, Antoun Nader⁷¹, Joseph M Neal⁷², Ahtsham U Niazi⁷³, Catherine Njathi-Ori⁵², Brian D O'Donnell⁷⁴, Matt Oldman⁷⁵, Steven L Orebaugh⁷⁶, Teresa Parras⁷⁷, Amit Pawa^{78

79}, Philip Peng⁸⁰, Steven Porter⁸¹, Bridget P Pulos⁵², Xavier Sala-Blanch^{82

83}, Andrea Saporito⁸⁴, Axel R Sauter⁸⁵, Eric S Schwenk⁸⁶, Maria Paz Sebastian⁸⁷, Navdeep Sidhu⁸⁸, Sanjay Kumar Sinha⁸⁹, Ellen M Soffin⁹⁰, James Stimpson⁹¹, Raymond Tang⁹², Ban C H Tsui⁹³, Lloyd Turbitt⁹⁴, Vishal Uppal⁹⁵, Geert J van Geffen⁹⁶, Kris Vermeylen⁹⁷, Kamen Vlassakov⁹⁸, Thomas Volk⁹⁹, Jeff L Xu^{100

101}, Nabil M Elkassabany¹⁰²

Affiliations

¹ Anaesthesia, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
² Department of Anaesthesia, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
³ University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
⁴ Anaesthesiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK.
⁵ Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA.
⁶ Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
⁷ Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
⁸ Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
⁹ Anesthesiology, Samsun University, Canik, Turkey.
¹⁰ Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
¹¹ Ambulatory Center Europaallee, City Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
¹² Division of Anatomy, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
¹³ Anesthesiology, Mugla Sitki Kocman Universitesi, Mugla, Turkey.
¹⁴ Anesthesia, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
¹⁵ Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
¹⁶ Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Corniche Hospital, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
¹⁷ Anesthesiology Department, Clinique Drouot Sport, Paris, France.
¹⁸ Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Anesthesia, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
²⁰ Department of Anaesthesia, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Newport, UK.
²¹ Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
²² Department of Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium.
²³ Anesthesia, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
²⁴ Anaesthesia, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK.
²⁵ Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
²⁶ Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
²⁷ Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.
²⁸ University of New South Wales, South West Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
²⁹ Anesthesiology, KU Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium.
³⁰ Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
³¹ Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital Hvidore, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³² Anesthesia, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium.
³³ Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
³⁴ Swansea Bay University Health Board, Port Talbot, UK.
³⁵ Anesthesiology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
³⁶ Anesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
³⁷ Anaesthesia, Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust, King's Lynn, UK.
³⁸ Anesthesiology, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook Country, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
³⁹ Clinique Ste Anne- St Remi, Brussels, Belgium.
⁴⁰ Anesthesiology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
⁴¹ Anesthesia, Hôpital du Valais, Sion, Switzerland.
⁴² Anesthesia, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
⁴³ Anesthesia, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
⁴⁴ Department of Anesthesia Northeast Health, Ultrasound Education Group, The University of Melbourne Rural Health Academic Centre, Wangaratta, Victoria, Australia.
⁴⁵ Anesthesiology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
⁴⁶ Department of Anaesthesia, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK.
⁴⁷ Anesthesia, WellStar Health System, Marietta, Georgia, USA.
⁴⁸ Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
⁴⁹ Anesthesia, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.
⁵⁰ Anesthesia, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
⁵¹ Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
⁵² Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁵³ Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Campus, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
⁵⁴ Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
⁵⁵ Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Managaement, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
⁵⁶ Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
⁵⁷ Dept. of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁵⁸ Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁵⁹ Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
⁶⁰ Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
⁶¹ Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
⁶² University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
⁶³ Asklepieion Hospital of Voula, Athens, Greece.
⁶⁴ Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁶⁵ University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.
⁶⁶ Department of Anaesthesia, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK.
⁶⁷ Instittute of Academic Anaesthesia, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
⁶⁸ Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
⁶⁹ Anaesthetic, Craigavon Area Hospital, Portadown, UK.
⁷⁰ Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Letterkenny University Hospital, Letterkenny, Ireland.
⁷¹ Anesthesiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
⁷² Anesthesiology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA.
⁷³ Anesthesia, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁷⁴ Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
⁷⁵ University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK.
⁷⁶ Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center-Southside, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁷⁷ Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Hospital Quironsalud, Malaga, Spain.
⁷⁸ Department of Anaesthesia, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
⁷⁹ Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's college London, London, UK.
⁸⁰ Anesthesia, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁸¹ Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
⁸² Anesthesiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
⁸³ Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Barcelona Faculty of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain.
⁸⁴ Anesthesia, Ospedale Regionale di Bellinzona e Valli Bellinzona, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
⁸⁵ Department of Anaesthesiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
⁸⁶ Anesthesiology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁸⁷ Anaesthetics, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, UK.
⁸⁸ Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, North shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
⁸⁹ Anesthesiology, Woodland Anesthesiology Associates, Hartford, Connecticut, USA.
⁹⁰ Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
⁹¹ Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust, King's Lynn, UK.
⁹² Anesthesia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
⁹³ Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.
⁹⁴ Department of Anesthesia, Belfast Health and Social Care trust, Belfast, UK.
⁹⁵ Anesthesia, Dalhousie University - Faculty of Health Professions, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
⁹⁶ Anesthesiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
⁹⁷ Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Algemeen Ziekenhuis Turnhout Campus Sint Elisabeth, Turnhout, Belgium.
⁹⁸ Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁹⁹ Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Saarland University Hospital and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany.
¹⁰⁰ Anesthesiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.
¹⁰¹ Anesthesiology, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA.
¹⁰² Anesthesiology & Critical Care, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA nelkassabany@gmail.com.

PMID: 38050174
DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2023-104884

Standardizing nomenclature in regional anesthesia: an ASRA-ESRA Delphi consensus study of upper and lower limb nerve blocks

Kariem El-Boghdadly et al. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2024.

. 2024 Nov 4;49(11):782-792.

doi: 10.1136/rapm-2023-104884.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Anaesthesia, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
² Department of Anaesthesia, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
³ University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
⁴ Anaesthesiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK.
⁵ Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA.
⁶ Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
⁷ Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
⁸ Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
⁹ Anesthesiology, Samsun University, Canik, Turkey.
¹⁰ Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
¹¹ Ambulatory Center Europaallee, City Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
¹² Division of Anatomy, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
¹³ Anesthesiology, Mugla Sitki Kocman Universitesi, Mugla, Turkey.
¹⁴ Anesthesia, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
¹⁵ Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
¹⁶ Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Corniche Hospital, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
¹⁷ Anesthesiology Department, Clinique Drouot Sport, Paris, France.
¹⁸ Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Anesthesia, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
²⁰ Department of Anaesthesia, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Newport, UK.
²¹ Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
²² Department of Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium.
²³ Anesthesia, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
²⁴ Anaesthesia, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK.
²⁵ Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
²⁶ Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
²⁷ Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.
²⁸ University of New South Wales, South West Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
²⁹ Anesthesiology, KU Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium.
³⁰ Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
³¹ Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital Hvidore, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³² Anesthesia, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium.
³³ Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
³⁴ Swansea Bay University Health Board, Port Talbot, UK.
³⁵ Anesthesiology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
³⁶ Anesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
³⁷ Anaesthesia, Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust, King's Lynn, UK.
³⁸ Anesthesiology, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook Country, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
³⁹ Clinique Ste Anne- St Remi, Brussels, Belgium.
⁴⁰ Anesthesiology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
⁴¹ Anesthesia, Hôpital du Valais, Sion, Switzerland.
⁴² Anesthesia, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
⁴³ Anesthesia, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
⁴⁴ Department of Anesthesia Northeast Health, Ultrasound Education Group, The University of Melbourne Rural Health Academic Centre, Wangaratta, Victoria, Australia.
⁴⁵ Anesthesiology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA.
⁴⁶ Department of Anaesthesia, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK.
⁴⁷ Anesthesia, WellStar Health System, Marietta, Georgia, USA.
⁴⁸ Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
⁴⁹ Anesthesia, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.
⁵⁰ Anesthesia, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
⁵¹ Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
⁵² Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁵³ Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Campus, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
⁵⁴ Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
⁵⁵ Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Managaement, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
⁵⁶ Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
⁵⁷ Dept. of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁵⁸ Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁵⁹ Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
⁶⁰ Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
⁶¹ Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
⁶² University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
⁶³ Asklepieion Hospital of Voula, Athens, Greece.
⁶⁴ Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁶⁵ University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.
⁶⁶ Department of Anaesthesia, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK.
⁶⁷ Instittute of Academic Anaesthesia, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
⁶⁸ Anesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
⁶⁹ Anaesthetic, Craigavon Area Hospital, Portadown, UK.
⁷⁰ Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Letterkenny University Hospital, Letterkenny, Ireland.
⁷¹ Anesthesiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
⁷² Anesthesiology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA.
⁷³ Anesthesia, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁷⁴ Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
⁷⁵ University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK.
⁷⁶ Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center-Southside, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁷⁷ Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Hospital Quironsalud, Malaga, Spain.
⁷⁸ Department of Anaesthesia, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
⁷⁹ Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's college London, London, UK.
⁸⁰ Anesthesia, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁸¹ Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
⁸² Anesthesiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
⁸³ Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Barcelona Faculty of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain.
⁸⁴ Anesthesia, Ospedale Regionale di Bellinzona e Valli Bellinzona, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
⁸⁵ Department of Anaesthesiology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
⁸⁶ Anesthesiology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁸⁷ Anaesthetics, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, UK.
⁸⁸ Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, North shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
⁸⁹ Anesthesiology, Woodland Anesthesiology Associates, Hartford, Connecticut, USA.
⁹⁰ Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
⁹¹ Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust, King's Lynn, UK.
⁹² Anesthesia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
⁹³ Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.
⁹⁴ Department of Anesthesia, Belfast Health and Social Care trust, Belfast, UK.
⁹⁵ Anesthesia, Dalhousie University - Faculty of Health Professions, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
⁹⁶ Anesthesiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
⁹⁷ Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Algemeen Ziekenhuis Turnhout Campus Sint Elisabeth, Turnhout, Belgium.
⁹⁸ Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁹⁹ Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Saarland University Hospital and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany.
¹⁰⁰ Anesthesiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.
¹⁰¹ Anesthesiology, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA.
¹⁰² Anesthesiology & Critical Care, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA nelkassabany@gmail.com.

PMID: 38050174
DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2023-104884

Abstract

Background: Inconsistent nomenclature and anatomical descriptions of regional anesthetic techniques hinder scientific communication and engender confusion; this in turn has implications for research, education and clinical implementation of regional anesthesia. Having produced standardized nomenclature for abdominal wall, paraspinal and chest wall regional anesthetic techniques, we aimed to similarly do so for upper and lower limb peripheral nerve blocks.

Methods: We performed a three-round Delphi international consensus study to generate standardized names and anatomical descriptions of upper and lower limb regional anesthetic techniques. A long list of names and anatomical description of blocks of upper and lower extremities was produced by the members of the steering committee. Subsequently, two rounds of anonymized voting and commenting were followed by a third virtual round table to secure consensus for items that remained outstanding after the first and second rounds. As with previous methodology, strong consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement and weak consensus as 50%-74% agreement.

Results: A total of 94, 91 and 65 collaborators participated in the first, second and third rounds, respectively. We achieved strong consensus for 38 names and 33 anatomical descriptions, and weak consensus for five anatomical descriptions. We agreed on a template for naming peripheral nerve blocks based on the name of the nerve and the anatomical location of the blockade and identified several areas for future research.

Conclusions: We achieved consensus on nomenclature and anatomical descriptions of regional anesthetic techniques for upper and lower limb nerve blocks, and recommend using this framework in clinical and academic practice. This should improve research, teaching and learning of regional anesthesia to eventually improve patient care.

Keywords: Anesthesia, Local; Brachial Plexus; Lower Extremity; REGIONAL ANESTHESIA; analgesia.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: EA: grants from Swiss Academy for Anesthesia Research, Bbraun, Swiss National Science Foundation. Honoraria from Bbraun and Sintetica. JG: consulting fees from Pacira Biosciences and Pajunk Medical. AP: honoraria from FuijiFilm Sonosite. MW: advisory Board for Sintetica, Honoraria from Wisonic and Medovate. SA: Advisory Panel for DATAR innovations. JA: moderator of the Working Group Regional Anaesthesia Switzerland, Honoraria from Medtronic and Sintetica. AMRA: honoraria form AllerganSébastien Bloc—Consulting fees from BBraun—GE Medical Systems—Pajunk—Pfizer SAS. JB: Consulting fees from Intelligent Ultrasound. BC: jonoraria from Bbraun and Rivanna, Consulting from Stryker and Flat Medical, Research funding from Pacira, Share Options from Flat Medical. AC: speaking honoraria from GE Healthcare, royalties from textbook Oxford University Press. SC: consulting fees from MSD, Bbraun Medical, Wisonic, research grants from BARA (Belgian association of Regional anesthesia), ESRA and BeSARP (Belgian anesthesia society) HE-Consulting/Advisory Board Neuronoff, SPR, GateScience, NeuronoffBenjamin Fox—Speaking fees from Medovate and Sintetica. SG: consulting and speaking fees from MSD Switzerland. PH: royalties from Bestek Products. NH: Honoraria from Butterfly Network. RMGH- Honoraria from GE Healthcare. MH: consulting fees from Pacira Biosciences, Honoraria from Parcira Biosciences and Pajunk Medical. BMI: research funding to institution from SPR Therapeutics, Infutronix, Epimed International. AM: Consultant fees from Intelligent Ultrasound. CM: consultant fees from Masimo Corporation. SGM: Owner SGM Consulting, Partner Parvizi Surgical Innovations, Patent for Multicatheter infusion system. AN: Research support from SPR Therapeutics. SLO: Royalties from book Wolters-Kluwer. APawa: Honoraria from GE Healthcare, Consulting fees from Pacira Biosciences. PP: equipment support from Sonosiite Fujifilm Canada. MPS: Medovate speaking but no honoraria paid. SKS- Cofounder of Gate Science (developing a catheter for performing nerve blocks) JS: consulting fees from Sintetica. RT: Consulting fees from Clarius Mobile Health. VU: Associate Editor of the Canadian Journal of Anesthesia and Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine journals. TV: honoraria from CSL Behring, Pajunk.

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Standardizing nomenclature in regional anesthesia: an ASRA-ESRA Delphi consensus study of upper and lower limb nerve blocks

Affiliations

Standardizing nomenclature in regional anesthesia: an ASRA-ESRA Delphi consensus study of upper and lower limb nerve blocks

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

References

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Research Materials