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Review
. 2023 Dec 1;13(23):3066.
doi: 10.3390/nano13233066.

Recent Advances in LDH/g-C3N4 Heterojunction Photocatalysts for Organic Pollutant Removal

Cheng Du  1   2 , Jialin Xu  1   2 , Guixiang Ding  3 , Dayong He  1   2 , Hao Zhang  2 , Weibao Qiu  1 , Chunxue Li  4 , Guangfu Liao  1   3
Affiliations
Review

Recent Advances in LDH/g-C3N4 Heterojunction Photocatalysts for Organic Pollutant Removal

Cheng Du et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

Environmental pollution has been decreased by using photocatalytic technology in conjunction with solar energy. An efficient method to obtain highly efficient photocatalysts is to build heterojunction photocatalysts by combining graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with layered double hydroxides (LDHs). In this review, recent developments in LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunctions and their applications for organic pollutant removal are systematically exhibited. The advantages of LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunction are first summarized to provide some overall understanding of them. Then, a variety of approaches to successfully assembling LDH and g-C3N4 are simply illustrated. Last but not least, certain unmet research needs for the LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunction are suggested. This review can provide some new insights for the development of high-performance LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalysts. It is indisputable that the LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunctions can serve as high-performance photocatalysts to make new progress in organic pollutant removal.

Keywords: carbon nitride; heterojunction; layered double hydroxides; organic pollutant removal; photocatalysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Author Cheng Du, Jialin Xu, Dayong He and Hao Zhang were employed by the company Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Advantages of LDH/g-C3N4 heterojunctions.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic illustration of the synthesis of CoAl-LDH, g-C3N4, and CoAl-LDH/g-C3N4 composite samples. Reproduced with permission [53].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Diagrammatic sketch of the synthesis process and photocatalytic property of ZnCr-CLDH/g-C3N4-C(N). (I) Thermal polymerization at 550 °C, (II) introduction of Zn2+ and Cr3+ under the condition of continuous stirring, (III) in situ precipitation of ZnCr-LDH on g-C3N4-C(N), (IV) calcination and then formation of ZnCr-CLDH/g-C3N4-C(N); (V) adsorption and photocatalytic performance for CR removal under visible light irradiation. Reproduced with permission [57].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Representative synthesis process of ZnCr-LDH/g-C3N4. Reproduced with permission [64].
Figure 5
Figure 5
The representative synthesis process of Zn-Al-LDH/g-C3N4. Reproduced with permission [70].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Schematic representation of the synthesis process of g-C3N4/Ti3C2T/Co2Al0.95La0.05-LDH composite. Reproduced with permission [78].
Figure 7
Figure 7
(a) Diagrammatic sketch of fabrication route of g-C3N4/MgAl0.80Ce0.20-LDH. BJH N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (b) and pore size distribution (desorption) (c) of g-C3N4 and g-C3N4/Ce-doped MgAl-LDHs. CR adsorption capacity (d) and pseudo-first-order kinetic plots for CR photodegradation (e) of g-C3N4 and g-C3N4/Ce-doped MgAl-LDHs. (f) Mechanism explanation of photocatalytic degradation via g-C3N4/Ce-doped MgAl-LDHs. Reproduced with permission [85].
Figure 8
Figure 8
Diagrammatic sketch of FCCN/LDH-100 nanocomposites under visible light illumination. Reproduced with permission [89].
Figure 9
Figure 9
(a) Diagrammatic sketch of the preparation of LDH/CN/RGO 2D/2D/2D heterojunctions. Comparison of the photocatalytic activity and TOC removal rate over the LCR-15 photocatalyst in the photodegradation of CR (b) and TC (c). PL spectra (d) and photocurrent responses (e) of CN, LDH/CN, CN/RGO, and LDH/CN/RGO photocatalysts. (f) Mechanism explanation of photocatalytic degradation of CR and TC over LDH/CN/RGO. Reproduced with permission [92].
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