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. 2023 Nov 22:11:1276338.
doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1276338. eCollection 2023.

Augmented reality for orthopedic and maxillofacial oncological surgery: a systematic review focusing on both clinical and technical aspects

Naqash Nasir #  1   2 , Laura Cercenelli #  3 , Achille Tarsitano #  1   4 , Emanuela Marcelli #  3
Affiliations

Augmented reality for orthopedic and maxillofacial oncological surgery: a systematic review focusing on both clinical and technical aspects

Naqash Nasir et al. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. .

Abstract

This systematic review offers an overview on clinical and technical aspects of augmented reality (AR) applications in orthopedic and maxillofacial oncological surgery. The review also provides a summary of the included articles with objectives and major findings for both specialties. The search was conducted on PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases and returned on 31 May 2023. All articles of the last 10 years found by keywords augmented reality, mixed reality, maxillofacial oncology and orthopedic oncology were considered in this study. For orthopedic oncology, a total of 93 articles were found and only 9 articles were selected following the defined inclusion criteria. These articles were subclassified further based on study type, AR display type, registration/tracking modality and involved anatomical region. Similarly, out of 958 articles on maxillofacial oncology, 27 articles were selected for this review and categorized further in the same manner. The main outcomes reported for both specialties are related to registration error (i.e., how the virtual objects displayed in AR appear in the wrong position relative to the real environment) and surgical accuracy (i.e., resection error) obtained under AR navigation. However, meta-analysis on these outcomes was not possible due to data heterogenicity. Despite having certain limitations related to the still immature technology, we believe that AR is a viable tool to be used in oncological surgeries of orthopedic and maxillofacial field, especially if it is integrated with an external navigation system to improve accuracy. It is emphasized further to conduct more research and pre-clinical testing before the wide adoption of AR in clinical settings.

Keywords: augmented reality; maxillofacial oncology; mixed reality; orthopedics oncology; surgery; tracking.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
A flowchart showing inclusion and exclusion criteria used for the search, and the resulting selected papers.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Bar histograms depicting types of study (A), anatomical regions involved in the surgery (B), registration/tracking modality (C) and AR display type (D), for Orthopedic Oncology.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Bar histograms depicting types of study (A), anatomical regions involved in the surgery (B), registration/tracking modality (C) and AR display type (D), for Maxillofacial Oncology.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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