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[Preprint]. 2023 Nov 20:2023.11.17.23298701.
doi: 10.1101/2023.11.17.23298701.

Immunity to non-dengue flaviviruses impacts dengue virus IgG ELISA specificity in Cambodia

Camila Odio  1 , Christina Yek  2   3 , Chloe M Hasund  1 , Somnang Man  2 , Piseth Ly  2 , Sreynik Nhek  2 , Sophana Chea  2 , Chanthap Lon  2 , Charlie Voirin  1 , Rekol Huy  4 , Rithea Leang  4 , Chea Huch  4 , L Fabiano Oliveira  2   3 , Jessica E Manning  2   3 , Leah C Katzelnick  1
Affiliations

Immunity to non-dengue flaviviruses impacts dengue virus IgG ELISA specificity in Cambodia

Camila Odio et al. medRxiv. .

Update in

Abstract

Seroprevalence studies are the gold standard for disease surveillance, and serology was used to determine eligibility for the first licensed dengue vaccine. However, expanding flavivirus endemicity, co-circulation, and vaccination complicate serology results. Among 713 healthy Cambodian children, a commonly used indirect dengue virus IgG ELISA (PanBio) had a lower specificity than previously reported (94% vs. 100%). Of those with false positive PanBio results, 46% had detectable neutralizing antibodies against other flaviviruses, with the highest frequency against West Nile virus (WNV). Immunity to non-dengue flaviviruses can impact dengue surveillance and potentially pre-vaccine screening efforts.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Neutralizing antibody titers against DENV, JEV, WNV, ZIKV in individuals who were false positive (ELISA>1.1, DENV PRNT50<10), naïve (ELISA<0.2), or had low DENV nAb (ELISA>1.1, DENV PRNT50 of 10–20) as measured by PRNT50 (A-B) and PRNT90 titers (C-D). PRNT90 titers were only measured in those with nAb against ≥2 non-dengue flaviviruses.
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